文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：铁皮石斛种植技术体系

英文题名：Planting technology of Dendrobium officinale

作者：崔之益[1] 肖玉[2] 杨曾奖[1] 徐大平[1] 张宁南[1] 刘小金[1] 洪舟[1]

第一作者：崔之益

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所;[2]深圳市真和丽生态环境股份有限公司

年份：2017

卷号：36

期号：3

起止页码：878-884

中文期刊名：生态学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Ecology

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2015KJCX033);中央级公益性科研院所专项(RITFYWZX201301)资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：基质;附生;檀香;降香黄檀;农林复合经营;林下经济

外文关键词：matrix; epiphytic colonization; Santalum album; Dalbergia odorifera; agroforestry; under-forest economy

分类号：S567.239

摘要：铁皮石斛是我国濒临灭绝的珍贵中草药,关于种植铁皮石斛的系统技术研究还鲜见报道。本文研究了铁皮石斛苗期栽培基质的筛选、不同附主树种和种植高度、不同林分郁闭度对林下铁皮石斛附生生长的影响以及林下种植石斛对附主树种生长的影响等。结果表明:(1)综合瓶苗移栽成活率、株高、茎长、茎粗以及生物量等生长指标,铁皮石斛的苗期栽培的理想基质为等体积混合基质(松树皮+花生壳+马占相思树皮);(2)不同树种和附生部位对铁皮石斛的株高生长、茎粗、生物量等影响差异显著,但两者没有交互作用。附生60 d时,郁闭度大的杨桃最优,120 d开始,檀香迅速表现出绝对优势,各树种均为中部(1.2~1.5 m)最适附生,马占相思附生的石斛生物量最大。檀香、马占相思和降香黄檀的综合评价显著优于龙眼和杨桃;(3)铁皮石斛附树种植在林分郁闭度为30%~50%,光照入射强度为空地的62.5%左右对其生长最为有利;(4)附树种植铁皮石斛可以显著增加附主胸径。综合认为,在华南地区种植铁皮石斛,选择混合基质(松树皮+花生壳+马占相思树皮)为筛苗基质,附生林分郁闭度为30%~50%的檀香或降香黄檀树干中部是值得推广"以林养林"的复合经营模式。
Little information is available on planting technology of Dendrobium officinale,a precious medicinal herb endangered in China. This paper studied the screening of seedling cultivation matrix,the effects of epiphyted tree species and epiphytic position and forest crown density on D. officinale growth and the influence of D. officinale planting on the growth of epiphyted trees.The results showed that：（ 1） A mixture of pine bark,peanut hull and Acacia mangium bark at volumetric ratio of 1： 1： 1 was an ideal matrix;（ 2） Different tree species and epiphytic position had significant effects on the height,stem diameter,and biomass of D. officinale,but they did not show interactive effects. The comprehensive evaluation showed that Santalum album,Acacia mangium and Dalbergia odorifera were superior to Dimocarpus longgana and Averrhoa carambola;（ 3） The most favorable forest canopy density and light intensity for epiphytic colonization were30%-50%,and about 62.5% of open space,respectively;（ 4） The epiphytic colonization of D.officinale significantly increased the diameter of epiphyted trees. Overall,pine bark＋peanut hull＋Acacia mangium bark as matrix and epiphytic colonization on middle-height trunk of Santalum album or Dalbergia odorifera with 30%-50% of canopy density is an encouraging agroforestry model for planting D. officinale in south China.