文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：低效杉木林林窗土壤—凋落物的持水特性

英文题名：Water-holding characteristics of soil-litter at forest gap of low-efficiency Chinese fir forest

作者：肖斌[1,2] 姚甲宝[1,2] 徐克芹[1,2] 袁媛[1,2] 丁颖[1,2] 蔡宗明[1,2]

第一作者：肖斌

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600;[2]生物多样性保护与资源利用江西省重点实验室,江西分宜336600

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：2

起止页码：45-53

中文期刊名：水土保持通报

外文期刊名：Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“江西大岗山典型低效公益林增效经营技术研究”(CAFYBB2020ZB002);江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB205047);江西省2023年度中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JXTG〔2023〕05号)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木;林窗;低效林;土壤及凋落物;持水特性

外文关键词：Chinese fir;forest gap;low-efficiency forest;soil-litter;water holding characteristics

分类号：S714.7

摘要：[目的]研究不同杉木林窗大小与年龄对土壤及凋落物的持水特性,为杉木低效林质量提升提供理论依据。[方法]采用时空替代法选取4,15,30,50 a林窗,并以顶级群落作为对照,每个林窗年龄设置小林窗(≤50 m^(2))、中林窗(50~100 m^(2))、大林窗(≥100 m^(2))及非林窗对照4个处理,通过环刀法、铝盒烘干法、凋落物浸泡法分别测定土壤及凋落物持水特性。[结果]①仅杉木林窗年龄对土壤及凋落物持水特性具有显著性影响,而林窗大小、林窗年龄与大小的交互作用影响不显著。②4 a中林窗土壤持水性最佳,15 a中林窗半分解凋落物的现存量、最大持水量、最大持水率、自然持水量和有效拦蓄量表现最优。③各林窗年龄凋落物持水率随浸泡时间变化,中林窗和大林窗表现较好,半分解层持水能力强于未分解层。④凋落物半分解自然持水量与土壤毛管孔隙度、田间持水量和毛管持水量呈显著正相关。[结论]4 a和15 a中林窗土壤及凋落物持水性良好,人工开设中等大小林窗可作为杉木低效林质量提升的重要技术手段。
[Objective]The water holding characteristics of soil and litter in low-efficiency of Chinese fir trees with different gap sizes and ages were investigated to provide a theoretical basis for improving the tree quality in low-efficiency Chinese fir forests.[Methods]Gap ages of 4,15,30,and 50 years were selected based on the results of the space-time substitution method,and the climax community was used as the control.Four treatments were set for each gap age:small(≤50 m^(2)),medium(50—100 m^(2)),and large(≥100 m^(2))gaps,as well as a non-gap control.The water holding characteristics of soil and litter were determined using the cutting-ring method,oven drying method,and litter soaking methods,respectively.[Results]①Only the gap age had a significant effect on the water-holding characteristics of soil and litter,whereas the gap size and the interaction between gap age and size had no significant effect.②The best soil water holding capacity was observed in the 4-year-forest gap,and the best standing crop,maximum water-holding capacity,maximum water-holding rate,natural water holding capacity,and effective storage capacity of semi-decomposed litter was observed in the 15-year-forest gap.③The water holding rate of litter in different gap ages changed with soaking time;the middle and large gaps performed the best,and the water-holding capacity of the semi-decomposed layer was stronger than that of the undecomposed layer.④The natural water-holding capacity of semi-decomposed litter was significantly positively correlated with soil capillary porosity,field water-holding capacity,and capillary water-holding capacity.[Conclusion]The water-holding capacity of soil and litter was good in the 4 and 15-year-forest gaps.Based on our results,the artificial opening of a medium-sized forest gap could be used as an important technical means to improve the quality of low-efficiency Chinese fir forest.