文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：害虫种群分子调控技术及在森林害虫防控研究中的进展

英文题名：Molecular control technology of pest population and its research progress in forest pest control

作者：张苏芳[1] 张荣[1] 张真[1]

第一作者：张苏芳

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091

年份：2022

卷号：41

期号：5

起止页码：22-31

中文期刊名：中国森林病虫

外文期刊名：Forest Pest and Disease

收录：CSTPCD

基金：国家重点研发计划项目“重大林草入侵生物扩张蔓延机制与高效防控技术研究”(2021YFD1400300);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项“北方松材线虫媒介传播松材线虫机制及生物防治研究”(CAFYBB2018SZ006)和“重要林业害虫RNA干扰效率限速机制研究”(CAFYBB2020QC001)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：RNA干扰;遗传防控;基因编辑;森林害虫

外文关键词：RNA interference(RNAi);genetic pest management;gene editing;forest pest

分类号：S763????

摘要：害虫分子调控技术是基于RNA干扰(RNAi)和遗传防控的害虫管理新技术,两种技术都具有种特异性和环境友好型的特点,适用于现代害虫管理理念。RNAi技术还具有操作简便、周期短的优点,成为至今为止最有可能应用于害虫防治的分子调控技术,但不同昆虫的干扰效率差异很大,在靶标选择和双链RNA(dsRNA)递送方式上需要不断进步。基于基本的注射、经口、经皮dsRNA导入途径,已经发展出植物介导的昆虫dsRNA递送、纳米材料和脂质体介导的dsRNA递送、微生物介导的dsRNA递送等多种方式,推进了该技术在害虫防治中的应用。害虫遗传调控技术则是利用害虫的自然交配系统,将不育、致死或其他种群发生有关的性质引入种群的方法,其防治策略已经由最初的辐射不育,发展到昆虫显性致死技术,再到最新的基因驱动技术。随着基因编辑技术的不断进步,害虫遗传控制的便捷性也在提高,基于生物工程的遗传防控技术相比传统辐射不育技术需要释放的害虫量较低,可在自然界自行繁殖,能够达到可持续防控的目的,成为害虫防治极具吸引力的新技术。我国森林昆虫分子调控技术起步较晚,目前基本处于靶标筛选和调控体系尝试构建的阶段,未来有必要加强森林害虫分子调控技术的研发,从而在复杂的森林生态系统充分利用分子调控技术的便捷、可持续等特性。笔者在回顾RNA干扰和遗传调控技术进展的同时,着重关注森林昆虫的研究进展,期待为森林害虫防控新技术的发展提供参考。
Pest molecular control technologies are based on RNA interference and genetic pest management.Both of these two technologies are species-specific and environment-friendly, and are suitable for modern pest management concepts.RNAi technology also has the advantages of convenient operation and short cycle, and has become most likely to be applied to pest molecular regulation technology so far.However, the interference efficiency of different insects varies greatly, and continuous progress is needed in target selection and dsRNA delivery.At present, based on the basic injection, oral and percutaneous dsRNA delivery routes, plant mediated insect dsRNA delivery, nano material and liposome mediated dsRNA delivery, microbial mediated dsRNA delivery have been developed, which increases the prospect of this technology in pest control.Genetic pest management is a method to introduce sterility, lethality or other properties related to population occurrence into the population by using the natural mating system of pests.Its control strategy has changed from the sterile insect technique(SIT),to release of insects carrying a dominant lethal(RIDL),and then to the latest gene drive technology.With the continuous progress of gene editing technology, the convenience of pest genetic control is also improving.Genetic pest management based on bioengineering needs lower release of pests than traditional radiation sterility technology, which can reproduce by itself in nature and achieve the purpose of sustainable control, becoming a new technology of pest control.Forest pest molecular control technology started relatively late in China.At present, it is basically in the stage of target screening and trying to build the control system.In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the development of forest pest molecular control technology, so as to make full use of the convenience and sustainability of molecular control technology in complex forest ecosystem.We reviewed the progress of RNA interference and genetic pest management, and emphasized the related research progress of forest insects.We looks forward to providing references for the development of new molecular technologies for forest pest control.