文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：灰木莲开花结实生物学观察

英文题名：Observation of Flowering Biology and Fruit Set in Manglietia conifera Dandy

作者：姜清彬[1] 文珊娜[1] 仲崇禄[1] 陈羽[1] 黄军雄[2] 冯才丽[2]

第一作者：姜清彬

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,热带林业研究国家林业局重点实验室;[2]广东省西江林业局良洞迳林场

年份：2016

卷号：29

期号：9

起止页码：2229-2233

中文期刊名：西南农业学报

外文期刊名：Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2015_2016】；

基金：林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201304113-01)

语种：中文

中文关键词：灰木莲;开花;结实;人工授粉

外文关键词：Manglietia conifera Dandy; Flowering phenology; Fruit biology; Control pollination

分类号：S718.3

摘要：为探讨我国引种栽培的灰木莲能开花但不能正常结实的原因,本文对6年生灰木莲种源家系试验林进行了开花结实生物学观察和人工授粉试验。结果表明:灰木莲能够正常开花,花期形态结构和发育正常,花期主要集中在4月。自然状态下少量能够结实,但果实为畸形,并且种子具有发芽力,种子偏小且发芽率较低。通过人工授粉试验,异花异株和异花同株授粉结实率(50.0%和44.4%)和果实平均种子数(14.2和11.4粒)远高于自交授粉(11.1%、3.5粒)。灰木莲人工授粉后能够结实并获得较理想的成熟果实,果实饱满程度不一,种子颗粒比自然结实的大且发芽率高,出苗质量好,均优于自然结实种子。灰木莲不能正常结实的原因,不是我国华南地区相比越南等地存在热量及积温不够;而弄清虫媒传粉途径的障碍是解决灰木莲花朵能够获得自然结实的原因。本文分析并提出了继续开展灰木莲开花结实生物学研究的思考和建议,为今后开展灰木莲研究及促进灰木莲结实技术及应用奠定重要理论基础。
In order to understand the reasons why Manglietia glauca could not perform normal fruits,the flowering biology,fruiting set of 6years old M. conifera plantation were observed,and its artificial pollination experiments were conducted. The results showed that M. conifera flower could be opened with normal flower morphology,structure and development,the time of its flowering was mainly concentrated in April. It appeared to be natural fruits,although the fruits were malformed,and the seed was small,there was a low level of seed germination.The results of artificial pollination experiments performed that the fruit setting rate and number of seeds per fruit of xenogamy（ 50. 0 %,14.2） and geitonogamy（ 44. 4 %,11. 4） were higher than that of self pollination（ 11. 1 %,3. 5）. Under artificial pollination,its good and mature fruits were obtained,although the volumes of fruits were different but better than that of natural fruits,the same as seedlings quality.This study revealed that the accumulated temperature and heat of the site of M. conifera plantation were not the reasons of unable fruiting in normal,the problem of pollination transmission to be found out through the insect was the issue of natural fruits development for M. conifera in South China. This paper also discussed and took out some proposal and comments for further research on biology of flowering and fruit development,which would provide an important basis for promoting fruits developing technology and seeds untilization in M. conifera.