文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：我国部分枣树品种(系)的枣疯病抗性鉴定

英文题名：Resistance evaluation of a collection of Chinese jujube cultivars (line) against jujube witches’broom phytoplasma in China

作者：田国忠[1] 李志清[2] 胡佳续[1] 赵俊芳[2] 张兆欣[2] 谢守江[2] 王振亮[3] 张志善[4] 宋传生[1] 王东方[5] 杨春梅[5] 温秀军[3]

第一作者：田国忠

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所;[2]河南濮阳市林业科学院;[3]河北林业科学研究院森林保护研究所;[4]山西省农业科学院园艺研究所;[5]河南濮阳市濮上生态园区管理局

年份：2013

卷号：27

期号：3

起止页码：19-25

中文期刊名：林业科技开发

外文期刊名：China Forestry Science and Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；

基金：科技部林业科技支撑计划"商品林重大生物灾害防控技术研究"(编号:2006BAD08A113-2)

语种：中文

中文关键词：枣疯病;枣树品种(系);嫁接接种;抗病性;植原体检测

外文关键词：Jujube witches＇ broom disease; Chinese jujube cultivars （line） ; grafting inoculation ; resistance ; phytoplasmadetection

分类号：S566.304

摘要：收集了我国部分地区的不同枣树品种(系)的休眠期健康接穗材料,于2009年和2010年的4—6月嫁接到枣疯病砧木上,定期检查接穗发病状况,并采用PCR技术检测植原体感染。结果显示,不同枣树品种对枣疯病的抗性差异明显,根据接穗发病早晚、症状轻重、发病率和病情指数,将测定品种分为5个类型,其中高度抗病品系2个、中度抗病品系4个、一般抗病品系15个、感病品系7个、高度感病品系6个。高抗品系(交城骏枣、唐县和太原壶瓶枣)嫁接当年萌生枝条枣疯病无明显症状或嫁接早期无症状,后期症状较轻。嫁接到病树遮阴部位的接穗发病程度要重于向阳部位;存放期长和嫁接时间早的接穗,易诱发抗性品系发病。巢式PCR能检测到无症抗病接穗内低浓度植原体侵染。与以往所采用的昆虫自然传染和病皮或病枝嫁接到待鉴定的砧木品系上鉴定抗性技术相比,该方法具有接种强度大、诱导发病快、测定方法简便等优点,但对一般抗性、整株或成年株抗性、抗介体传毒等类型的抗性鉴定有局限性。
The scions of various Chinese jujube cultivars and wild jujubes were collected from different geographical regions of China. The phytoplasma inoculation trials for evaluating the resistance of these cultivars were conducted by grafting healthy jujube scions onto the diseased stocks from 2009 to 2010 and investigating the symptom development as well as de- tecting phytoplasma infection using PCR techniques. The results showed that there were apparently different resistance or susceptibility among tested cultivars, which were ranked on a five-point scale of resistance according to the symptom-displa- ying time, their severity and disease rate and index on the graft-inoculated scions, 2 cultivars with the highest resistance, 4 with high resistance, 15 with general resistance, 7 with susceptibility and 6 with high susceptibility. The cultivars, ＇Junzao＇ from Jiaocheng county and ＇ Hupingzao＇ from Tang county and Taiyuan city displayed no apparent symptom through whole growth season or displayed relatively light symptoms in the latter period post graft inoculation. A long period storage of collected scions as well as the early grafting time tends to induce symptom expression of resistant cuhivars, while the shaded scions of resistant cultivars growing under lower sunlight demonstrated severe symptoms, suggesting that the ac- tual level of resistance or susceptibility is assumed to be influenced by growing conditions or environments. The results of PCR showed that the symptom severity of inoculated scions was positively correlated with the phytoplasm concentration in the leaves, and nested PCR could well detect low concentration of phytoplasmas in the symptomless scions of resistant cuhi- vars. This resistance identification technique has advantages of having strong inoculation efficiency, rapid symptom induc- tion and simple operation over other ways, such as field exposure trials through insect vector transmission, diseased bark patch or shoot grafting onto healthy tested stocks, however there are some restraints for identifying those cultivars with gen- eral resistance, whole plant or adult tree resistance and resistance against vector.