文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中国桉树生长区的柯本气候分类

英文题名：K?ppen climate classification of Eucalyptus growth areas in China

作者：李春旭[1] 欧阳林男[1] 陈少雄[1] 杨嘉麒[1]

第一作者：李春旭

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院速生树木研究所,广东湛江524022

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：5

起止页码：67-76

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2201001);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32201550)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：柯本气候分类;桉树;降水量;气温;海拔;纬度

外文关键词：K?ppen’s climate classification;Eucalyptus;precipitation;temperature;altitude;latitude

分类号：S792.39

摘要：【目的】为得到最符合中国国情的桉树生长区气候分类,将海拔和纬度作为影响因素加入柯本气候分类的研究中,可获得更准确的分类结果,为后续桉树引种和栽培提供基础数据和理论依据。【方法】使用空间插值法获得连续30 a的气温和降水量数据,并利用海拔和纬度对气温和降水量数据进行校正,结合柯本气候分类法,探究中国桉树生长区的气候分类及空间分布特征。【结果】桉树生长的十个省(区、市)共划分为12个气候类型,分别为热带疏林草原气候(Aw)、热带季风气候(Am)、草原热性气候(BSh)、常湿暖温热夏气候(Cfa)、常湿暖温温夏气候(Cfb)、冬干暖温热夏气候(Cwa)、冬干暖温温夏气候(Cwb)、冬干冷湿湿夏气候(Dwb)、冬干冷湿冷夏气候(Dwc)、常湿冷温湿夏气候(Dfb)、苔原气候(ET)和冰原气候(EF)。常湿暖温热夏气候(Cfa)类型的分布范围最广,面积最大;面积最小的气候类型为热带季风气候(Am);分布范围最小的气候类型为冰原气候(EF)。云南省的气候类型最多,共包含11个气候类型;江西省和湖南省的气候类型最少,仅有常湿暖温热夏气候(Cfa)和常湿暖温温夏气候(Cfb)两个气候类型。研究区的月降水量和月气温的季节性和变异性均较大,季节性主要是受东亚季风的影响,变异性主要是受海拔和纬度的影响。【结论】将桉树生长的10省(区、市)划分为12个气候类型,引入海拔和纬度作为环境因子可以有效提高分类结果的准确性。在桉树引种栽培中,应充分考虑气候综合条件对桉树生长发育的影响,应避免在极地气候带(E)的苔原气候(ET)和冰原气候(EF)内栽植桉树,桉树的抗寒训练可以在冷温气候带(D)的冬干冷湿湿夏气候(Dwb)、冬干冷湿冷夏气候(Dwc)、常湿冷温湿夏气候(Dfb)内进行。
【Objective】In order to obtain more accurate climatic classification results of Eucalyptus growing areas,altitude and latitude were added as influencing factors to the study of K?ppen climate classification.The results of this study can provide basic and theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of Eucalyptus.【Method】The spatial interpolation method was used to obtain the temperature and precipitation data for 30 consecutive years,and the altitude and latitude were used to correct the data.Based on K?ppen’s climate classification method,investigate the climate classification and spatial distribution characteristics of Eucalyptus planting areas in China.【Result】The results showed that the 10 Eucalyptus growing provinces were divided into 12 climate types:Aw,Am,BSh,Cfa,Cfb,Cwa,Cwb,Dwb,Dwc,Dfb,ET and EF.The Cfa climate type has the widest distribution range and the largest area.The climate type with the smallest area is Am,and the climate type with the smallest distribution range is EF.Yunnan has the most climate types,including 11 climate types.Jiangxi Province and Hunan Province have the least climate types,with only Cfa and Cfb climate types.The seasonality and variability of monthly rainfall and monthly temperature in the study area were both large,with the seasonality mainly influenced by the East Asian monsoon and the variability mainly by altitude and latitude.【Conclusion】Eucalyptus growth in 10 provinces and autonomous regions were divided into 12 climate types.The result showed that the introduction of altitude and latitude as environmental factors can effectively increase the accuracy of classification results.In the introduction and cultivation of Eucalyptus,the influence of comprehensive climatic conditions on the growth and development of Eucalyptus should be fully considered.Eucalyptus should be avoided to be planted in ET and EF of the polar climate zone(E).The cold resistance training of Eucalyptus can be carried out in Dwb,Dwc and Dfb of Temperate climate zone(D).