文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：重度降解沉船考古木材的树种识别与细胞壁化学组分研究

英文题名：Wood Species Identification and Cell Wall Chemical Composition of Severely Degraded Archaeological Wood From Ancient Shipwreck

作者：李仁[1] 殷亚方[2,3] 焦立超[2,3] 孙满利[1] 铁付德[1] 张治国[4]

第一作者：李仁

机构：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院、中国-中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室、文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710127;[2]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局木材标本资源库,北京100091;[4]国家文物局考古研究中心,北京100013

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：4

起止页码：35-42

中文期刊名：林产化学与工业

外文期刊名：Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2022M722575);西北大学考古学科“繁荣计划”开放课题(363022201019)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：木材解剖;木材降解;木材细胞壁;FT-IR光谱;化学计量学

外文关键词：wood anatomy;wood degradation;wood cell wall;FT-IR spectroscopy;chemometrics

分类号：TQ35;K875.3

摘要：采用木材解剖学方法识别树种,偏光显微技术分析降解情况,酸水解和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR FT-IR)表征木材细胞壁化学组分变化,最后利用FT-IR光谱结合化学计量学的方法判别考古木材样本类别。考古木材样本共鉴定出2个树种,分别为针叶材马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和阔叶材樟木(Camphora officinarum)。研究结果表明:重度降解木材细胞次生壁(SW)失去双折射现象,纤维素晶体降解严重,糖分残余量极低,木质素质量分数超过75%。马尾松和樟木的FT-IR光谱峰位、峰形差异显著,主要表现为愈创木基(G)型和紫丁香基(S)型木质素的吸收差异。稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析(sPLS-DA)可有效区分重度降解针叶材和阔叶材,且判别结果优于主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)。
Wood anatomical method was used to identify the tree species,the polarization microscopy technique was adopted to analyze the degradation state,and the acid hydrolysis and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR FT-IR)were applied to characterize the changes in chemical composition of the wood cell wall.Finally,the FT-IR spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods was employed to discriminate archaeological sample categories.Two tree species were identified from archaeological samples:the softwood species Pinus massoniana and the hardwood species Camphora officinarum.The results showed that in heavily degraded wood,the secondary wall(SW)of wood cells lost birefringence,the cellulose crystals underwent significant degradation,the extremely low residual sugar content was detected,while the relative lignin content exceeding 75%.The FT-IR spectra of P.massoniana and C.officinarum showed significant differences in peak position and shape,primarily attributing to variations in the absorption of guaiacyl(G)-type and syringyl(S)-type lignin.Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA)could effectively distinguish severely degraded softwood and hardwood samples with better discrimination results than principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).