文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：广东阳江围塘养殖区典型退化红树林湿地生态风险评估及修复策略

英文题名：Ecological Risk Assessment and Restoration Recommendations for a Typical Degraded Mangrove Wetland in Yangjiang Enclosed-Pond Aquaculture Area

作者：张迪娜[1,2] 张鹏[3] 辛琨[1,2] 姜仲茂[1,2] 熊燕梅[1,2] 吕辉雄[3] 生农[1,2] 程继亮[1,2]

第一作者：张迪娜

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,湿地环境保护与生态修复全国重点实验室,广东广州510512;[2]海南东寨港红树林湿地生态系统定位研究站,海南海口571129;[3]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

年份：2025

卷号：21

期号：4

起止页码：89-94

中文期刊名：湿地科学与管理

外文期刊名：Wetland Science & Management

基金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2024QF043);国家自然科学基金资助(42107222);保护国际基金会-马爹利红树林湿地保护修复项目资助(126720/6011379)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：红树林;围塘养殖;潮汐连通性;退化

外文关键词：Mangrove;Pond farming;Tidal connectivity;Wetland degradation

分类号：X36

摘要：为科学修复广东阳江海陵大堤东侧围塘养殖区退化红树林湿地,本研究依据湿地生态风险评估技术规范,基于生态状况、受威胁程度和管理有效性的三维度评估体系,结合定量和定性分析,诊断其生态风险与退化主因。结果表明:该红树林湿地生态风险等级为“红色(重大风险)”;退化主因为围塘养殖阻断自然潮汐通道,导致水文连通性丧失,引发红树林干旱与淹水胁迫,重度退化区死亡率达84%,表现为地形-水文异质性驱动的植被崩溃。建议按照“潮汐疏通-生境重塑-植被恢复”的修复路径:调整涵管高程并清淤外围潮沟等工程措施疏通潮汐通道;在干旱区新建潮沟引入水源,改善滩涂生境;遵循近自然修复原则,通过胚轴扦插和分区补植适当树种,逐步恢复植被覆盖率,实现红树林湿地生态系统的恢复。
To scientifically restore the degraded mangrove wetland in the enclosed-pond aquaculture area in the east of Hailing Dam,Yangjiang,Guangdong,According to the technical specification for wetland ecological risk assessment,integrating quantitative and qualitative analyses through a three-dimensional framework(ecological status,threat level,and management effectiveness)to diagnose ecological risks and degradation driving forces.Results indicated that the mangrove wetland exhibit a"Red(Major Risk)"ecological risk level.The primary cause of degradation is that pond aquaculture blocks the natural tidal channels,resulting in loss of hydrological connectivity.This disruption induces dual stressors of drought and water logging in mangroves(with mortality reaching 84%in severely degraded zones),manifesting as vegetation collapse driven by terrain-hydrological heterogeneity.It is recommended to follow the restoration pathway of“tidal channel dredginghabitat remodeling-vegetation recovery”:dredging tidal channels by adjusting culvert elevations and clearing silt from peripheral tidal creeks through engineering measures;improving habitat conditions through constructing new channels in arid zones to introduce water sources;following near-natural restoration principles,gradually restoring vegetation coverage through propagule insertion and zonal replanting of appropriate species,ultimately achieving ecosystem recovery in the mangrove wetland.