文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：综合治理前后兰陵溪小流域生态系统健康格局与动态

英文题名：PATTERN AND DYNAMIC OF ECOSYSTEM HEALTH IN LANLINGXI SMALL WATERSHED BEFORE AND AFTER COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT

作者：苏毅[1] 曾立雄[2] 肖文发[2] 黄志霖[2] 雷静品[2] 滕明君[2] 王鹏程[1]

第一作者：苏毅

机构：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院;[2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所/国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室

年份：2013

卷号：22

期号：11

起止页码：1498-1505

中文期刊名：长江流域资源与环境

外文期刊名：Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2012_2013】；CSCD:【CSCD2013_2014】；

基金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD38B04)"长江流域防护林体系整体优化及调控技术研究"

语种：中文

中文关键词：综合治理;林业生态工程;健康评价;分布格局;景观动态;兰陵溪小流域

外文关键词：comprehensive treatment ; forestry ecological project; health assessment; distribution pattern dynamic; Lanlingxi small watershed

分类号：S75

摘要：兰陵溪小流域是三峡库区的典型小流域，其生态建设具有重要的战略地位和示范效应。基于生态系统结构、功能、适应力和社会价值研究的小流域健康状况评估，可为生态系统管理决策提供理论依据。利用遥感数据和实地调查数据建立基于Fishnet网格的兰陵溪小流域健康评价数据库，选用压力一状态一响应评价模型和层次分析法构建小流域生态系统健康评价指标体系，并对2002-2009年小流域生态健康进行评价，分析兰陵溪小流域生态系统健康状况的时空变化规律。从压力、状态、响应等3个方面选择12个指标构建了小流域健康评价指标体系，包括外界对小流域生态系统的干扰程度、小流域自身状态及响应指标，且健康评价数据可选用调查统计数据和遥感数据，具有较强的系统性和可操作性；随海拔的上升，人口密度减小和森林植被覆盖度提高，健康指数明显升高。因此，在兰陵溪小流域内海拔较高、森林植被覆盖度高、人类活动少的西南部健康评价综合指数明显高于海拔低、森林植被较少、人口密度大的东北部及中部河谷区域；在2002～2009年，小流域生态系统健康状况好转的网格数占总数的94．444％，健康指数平均值从0．531提高到0．781；兰陵溪小流域生态系统健康状况的改善主要得益于土壤侵蚀强度的降低和生态弹性指数的提升，两者对提高健康指数的贡献率分别达到40．887％和23．153％。在水土流失严重区域，通过综合治理，特别是林业生态工程的实施，优化土地利用方式、提升生态系统的弹性和服务功能，可以大幅度改善小流域健康状况。
Lanlingxi watershed has an important ecological strategic position and demonstration effects on environment constructions,because it is a typical small watershed, close neighbor of Three Gorges Dam, and is a key demonstration area of the national ecological environment construction. With the analysis of ecological system structure, function, adaptability and social value, the evaluation of ecological system health and analysis of the existing and potential problems in small watershed can seek for appropriate management methods, and provide theoretical foundation for the watershed resources sustainable utilization and regional ecological environment construction. The health assessment database of Lanlingxi small watershed was established based on fishnet grid by using remote sensing data and field investigation data in this study.The ecosystem health evaluation system of the small watershed was built with analytic hierarchy process and Pressure-State-Response model（P-S-R）,and the temporal and spatial variation of health states of Lanlingxi small watershed in 2002 and 2009 were evaluated and analyzed using this evaluation system. The results showed as follows. （1） This watershed health evaluation index system structured in this study included pressure, status and response three aspects of 12 indicators,and the status of watershed ecosystem was the most important influencing factor of watershed ecosystem health.The indicators of this evaluation indicator system contained both the degree of disturbance on small watershed ecological system, and the state and response of small watershed to disturbance.Meanwhile, the heath evaluation data could be derived from the investigation data and remote sensing data with this evaluation index system. Therefore, the watershed health evaluation index system had a strong systematic and operability.（2） No matter in 2002 or 2009,along with the rise of the evaluation, the population densitiesd decreased, the forest vegetation coverage and the health index successively improved in most grids. Therefore, the ecosystem health evaluation indexes in the southwest of small watershed with higher altitude, higher forest cover degree and a few human activities were higher than those of the northeast and central section of small watershed with lower altitude, lower forest cover degree and high population density. （3） The proportion of grid number for health evaluation index in the relatively poor, general and good level was about 93. 660% in Lanlingxi watershed in 2002, and that in very good, good and general level was about 95.718% in 2009. With the comprehensive treatment to small watershed,especially implementation of forestry ecological project from 2002 to＇2009 ,such as the Grain for Green project,the health levels of 94.444% grids in Lanlingxi watershed were improved,and the average ecosystem health evaluation index in small watershed boosted from 0.531 to 0.781.（4）The improvement of health evaluation index mainly resulted from the decrease of soil erosion intensity and increase of ecological elastic index, of which contribution rate to improvement of health evaluation index was 40.887%and 23.153% respectively. The health states of small watershed could perfect substantially through optimizing land use pattern, enhancing ecological elastic and service function of system by carrying out forestry ecological engineering in water losses and soil erosion area.