文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：四川省雷击火时空分布特征及影响因素分析

英文题名：Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Influencing Factors of Lightning Fires in Sichuan

作者：陈涤非[1,2,3] 王明玉[1,2] 司莉青[1,2] 赵凤君[1,2] 李威[1,2] 李伟克[1,2] 舒立福[1,2]

第一作者：陈涤非

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林草局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091;[3]四川省林业科学研究院森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,成都610084

年份：2023

卷号：59

期号：10

起止页码：32-40

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20234715082550);Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(32271895);国家林业和草原局森林雷击火防控——揭榜挂帅项目(2023132032);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U20A2090)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：四川;雷击火;时空分布;森林火灾

外文关键词：Sichuan;lightning fire;temporal and spatial distribution;forest fire

分类号：S762

摘要：【目的】研究四川省雷击火时空分布规律,分析影响雷击火发生的主要影响因素,为四川省雷击火防控提供理论基础和参考依据。【方法】以四川省2001—2021年雷击火历史统计数据为基础,分析了该省雷击火在不同时间尺度上的变化特征,使用多距离空间聚类分析等方法分析了雷击火的空间分布状况与格局;利用地理信息技术、SPSS统计软件等工具,通过对历史气象数据、数字高程模型(DEM)数据、林地资源数据等进行处理,分析了地形、气象、植被等因素对四川省雷击火的影响。【结果】2001—2021年四川省共发生雷击火72起,多发生于3—6月,其中4月是集中高发期;主要发生时段为14:00—18:00,其中15:00—16:00是雷击火最易发生的时间段。雷击火主要集中在川西南的凉山州、攀枝花市以及川西的甘孜州,尤以雅砻江流域最为集中。降水量、相对湿度是影响四川省雷击火发生次数的主要气象因子,气温、风速影响不显著。除气象因子外,雷击火受地形、植被类型影响明显,雷击火主要发生在海拔2 500~4 000 m范围内、坡度26°~45°之间、以及半阳坡或半阴坡。最易发生雷击火的林分类型是高山松林,其次为云南松林。【结论】四川省雷击火在月、日2个时间尺度下分布规律明显,多发生于夏季的下午时段;在空间上具有显著的空间聚集性特征,主要聚集在甘孜州、凉山州,尤其是雅砻江中下游区域;雷击火发生受降水量、相对湿度等气象因子影响显著,且在特定地形条件和植被类型中具有易发性。
【Objective】This study aims to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution and occurrence regularity of lightning fires in Sichuan Province,and analyze the main influencing factors of lightning fires,so as to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and control of lightning fires in Sichuan Province.【Method】Based on the historical statistical data of lightning fires in Sichuan Province from 2001 to 2021,the change characteristics of lightning fires in Sichuan at different time scales were analyzed.The spatial distribution status and pattern of lightning fires in Sichuan were analyzed using multi distance spatial clustering analysis.Geographic information technology,SPSS statistical software and other tools were used to process the historical statistics data of lightning fire,meteorological data,digital elevation model(DEM)data and forest resource data and thereby analyze the impact of terrain,meteorology,vegetation and other factors on lightning fire in Sichuan Province.【Result】A total of 72 lightning fires occurred in Sichuan from 2001 to 2021,most of which occurred from March to June.Among them,April was a concentrated and high occurrence period.The main occurrence period of time was 14:00―18:00,with 15:00―16:00 being the most prone time period for lightning fires.The spatial aggregation of lightning fires in Sichuan was obvious,and lightning fires mainly concentrated in Liangshan Prefecture and Panzhihua City in southwest Sichuan,and Ganzi Prefecture in west Sichuan,especially in Yalong River basin.Precipitation and relative humidity were the main meteorological factors affecting the frequency of lightning fires in Sichuan,while temperature and wind speed had no significant effect.In addition to meteorological factors, lightning fires in Sichuan were also affected by topography and vegetation type. Lightning fires weremainly concentrated in the area of the steep slope, semi-sunny slope or semi-shady slope with an altitude of 2 500–4 000 m and aslope of 26–45°. The most prone forest type was alpine pine forest, followed by Yunnan pine forest. 【Conclusion】Thedistribution pattern of lightning fires in Sichuan is obvious under the two time scales of month and day, and they mostly occur inthe afternoon of summer. It has significant spatial aggregation characteristics, mainly concentrated in Ganzi Prefecture, LiangshanPrefecture, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yalong River. The occurrence of lightning fires is significantlyaffected by meteorological factors such as precipitation and relative humidity, and is prone to occur in specific terrain conditionsand vegetation types. It is suggested to carry out lightning fire prevention and control on the basis of grasping the spatiotemporaldistribution characteristics and influencing factors of lightning fires in Sichuan.