文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Degradation condition and microbial analysis of waterlogged archaeological wood from the second shipwreck site on the northwestern continental slope of the South China Sea

作者：Chu, Shimin[1,2] Li, Yunqi[2] Wang, Xueyu[1] Li, Naisheng[1] Song, Jianzhong[3] Lin, Lanying[2]

第一作者：Chu, Shimin

通信作者：Wang, XY[1];Li, NS[1]

机构：[1]Natl Ctr Archaeol, Beijing, Peoples R China;[2]Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Wood Ind, Beijing, Peoples R China;[3]Hainan Prov Inst Cultural Rel & Archaeol, Haikou, Peoples R China

年份：2025

卷号：13

期号：1

外文期刊名：NPJ HERITAGE SCIENCE

收录：;Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-105007845940);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001435501500005)，A&HCI(收录号:WOS:001435501500005)】；

基金：The authors express their gratitude to Bei Luo from Southwest Forestry University for their assistance with this study. This work was supported by the National Social Science Fund of China for Post-funding and Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Publishing Project (23FKGA002).

语种：英文

摘要：The No. 2 Shipwreck Site on the northwestern continental slope (1488-1505 AD) is situated on the seabed between Hainan Island and the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea, at a depth of similar to 1500 m. Numerous wooden logs were discovered inside the shipwreck. This study assessed the degradation status of the waterlogged archaeological wood comprehensively. It also employed modern biotechnological methods to analyze the microbial communities within the wood and its surrounding environment. The results revealed that the waterlogged archaeological wood had experienced varying degrees of degradation. Even seemingly intact wood has undergone significant microstructural and chemical changes. Specifically, the secondary cell walls have been damaged, but the compound middle lamella remains relatively intact. Chemically, the degradation of hemicellulose and cellulose has resulted in a disordered arrangement of cellulose microfibrils, thereby weakening the mechanical properties of the wood cell walls. Additionally, a significant amount of iron salts was detected in some of the waterlogged archaeological wood. The microbial community within the wood was found to be predominantly composed of bacteria, with the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla being the dominant groups. It is notable that the microbial community within the waterlogged archaeological wood exhibits a high degree of similarity with the microbial communities present in the surrounding seabed sediments and seawater. In conclusion, while some of the waterlogged archaeological wood has retained a relatively intact macroscopic appearance, its microstructure and chemical composition have undergone significant deterioration. Therefore, future conservation efforts should prioritise reinforcement and de-ironing to preserve the research value of these artifacts.