文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同养分环境下邻株竞争对木荷和杉木生长、细根形态及分布的影响

英文题名：Effects of neighbor competition on growth,fine root morphology and distribution of Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata in different nutrient environments

作者：姚甲宝[1,2] 楚秀丽[1] 周志春[1] 童建设[3] 王晖[3] 余家中[3]

第一作者：姚甲宝

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室;[2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心;[3]浙江省淳安县富溪林场

年份：2017

卷号：28

期号：5

起止页码：1441-1447

中文期刊名：应用生态学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；PubMed;

基金："十三五"国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFD0600606);浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02056)资助~~

语种：中文

中文关键词：木荷;杉木;邻株竞争;细根;形态可塑性

外文关键词：Schima superba ; Cunninghamia lanceolata; neighbor competition ; fine root ; morpho-logical plasticity.

分类号：S158.3

摘要：以木荷和杉木为试验材料,模拟异质和同质两种森林土壤养分环境,设计单植、两株纯植和两株混植3种栽植方式,开展盆栽试验研究木荷与杉木混交造林增产及木荷生长竞争优势形成的原因.结果表明:与同质养分环境相比,异质养分环境中木荷与杉木混植时两树种均具有较高的苗高和干物质积累量,且木荷竞争优势明显,这与其根系可塑性强有关.混植的木荷各径级细根大量增生,其根系总长度、表面积和体积比杉木高80%~180%.木荷细根在垂直方向上采用了补偿性的生长策略,即除占据富养表层外,还在低养分斑块中大量增殖以获得更大的竞争优势.木荷与杉木的细根在土壤中的拓殖深度不同,生态位分化,缓解了两树种根系对养分的强烈竞争,提高了混植产量.纯植的木荷由于根系自我识别作用,抑制了根系的生长,使得纯植产量较低.细根在空间上错开和均匀分布可能是木荷纯林结构稳定的原因之一.建议在生产中采用块状整地和表层施肥等措施,改善土壤养分分布状况,营建混交林促进木荷和杉木生长,而对已营造的木荷人工纯林,可以及时调控林分密度促进林木生长.
Taking Schima superba and Cunninghamia lanceolata as test materials, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the heterogeneous and homogeneous forest soil nutrient environments, and design three planting modes including single plant, two-strain pure plant and two-strain mixed ones to reason the promotion in mixed S. superba and C. lanceolata plantation and the competitive advantage of S. superba. Results showed that compared with the homogeneous nutrient environment, both S. superba and C. lanceolata had the higher seedling height and dry matter accumulation, when mixed in the heterogeneous nutrient environment, S. superba displayed the obviously competitive ad- vantage, which related to its root plasticity. The fine root of S. superba mixed in each diameter class showed a lot of hyperplasia, and the root total length, surface area and volume of which were 80%-180% higher than that of C. lanceolata. S. growth strategy of vertical direction in fine roots, petitive advantage in low nutrient patches, colonization and niche differentiation in fine competition for nutrients of the roots of the superba took the advantage of the compensatory namely, they still multiplied to gain greater com- besides occupying eutrophic surface. The different soil root of S. superba and C. lanceolata alleviated the strong two species, and improved the mixed-plantation produc-tion. Pure plantation of S. superba harvested the lower yi inhibited the growth of root system. Fine roots staggered eld, which due to the root self-recognition and evenly distributed on the space might be a reason for stable structure of pure S. superba plantation. So, it was recommended that block surface layer soil preparation and fertilization are used to improve the soil nutrient distribution, and the mixed plantation is constructed to promote the growth of S. superba and C. lanceolata, at the same time, the stand density is regulated to promote tree ~rowth for the pure artificial S. superba plantation which had already been built.