文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：杉木林近自然改造对土壤理化性质的影响

英文题名：Effects of close-to-nature transformation of Chinese fir forest on soil physical and chemical properties

作者：刘振华[1] 李党仁[2] 张勰[1] 李贵[1] 林峰[1] 张雄清[3]

第一作者：刘振华

机构：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004;[2]临武县西山国有林场,湖南郴州424399;[3]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：11

起止页码：97-105

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2021YFD2201304);湖南林业外资项目科技支撑项目(OT-S-KTA1);长沙市杰出青年培养计划项目(kq2009087)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木林;近自然改造;理化性质;闽楠

外文关键词：Chinese fir forest;close to nature;physical and chemical properties;Phoebe bournei

分类号：S791.27

摘要：【目的】研究杉木-闽楠近自然改造模式对林地土壤理化性质的影响,为杉木纯林的改造及可持续经营提供科学依据。【方法】设置3个杉木-闽楠近自然改造模式[T1模式(杉木︰闽楠=3︰7)、T2模式(杉木︰闽楠=2︰3)、T3模式(杉木︰闽楠=1︰1)]和1个杉木纯林对照(CK),每种模式设置9个样地,在样地中按照上、中、下3个不同坡位的0~20、20~40和40~60 cm的土壤进行采样,采用环刀法测定不同模式下林地的土壤容重、含水率、土壤最大持水量、毛管持水量、最小持水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度等物理性质,按照相关行业标准规定方法测定了土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、水解性氮、速效钾、有效磷、有机质和pH值等化学性质。【结果】不同模式之间土壤容重和质量含水量差异显著,在3个土层T1模式的容重均最小,CK模式的容重最大。3个土层质量含水量为:T1>T3>T2>CK。不同模式不同土层中,套种了闽楠的林地除40~60 cm土层的非毛管孔隙CK大于T2和T3外,其余均是混交林大于对照纯林。套种闽楠能够提升林地土壤的pH值。杉楠不同近自然改造下除对20~40 cm土层的全磷含量没有显著影响外,对林地土壤全氮、全钾含量和0~20、40~60 cm的全磷含量影响均有显著差异。土壤全氮、水解性氮含量,3个土层均为CK>T1>T2>T3。土壤全磷、速效钾含量,3个土层均为T1>T2>T3>CK。土壤全钾含量,3个土层均为T1>CK>T2>T3。不同模式下CK有机质含量均为最高,T1、T2和T3在3个土层中有机质含量没有显著差异。林地土壤物理性质因子总体上受有机质、全氮、水解性氮、全钾、速效钾和全磷含量影响较大。【结论】杉木-闽楠近自然改造模式可以改善林地土壤物理性质和养分条件,特别是T1(3杉7楠),具有较好的推广价值。
【Objective】To study the effects of the close-to-nature model of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe bournei on the physical and chemical properties of forest soil,and to provide a scientific basis for the transformation and sustainable management of pure Chinese fir forests.【Method】Three close-to-nature transformation modes of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe bournei(T1,Cunninghamia lanceolata︰Phoebe bournei=3︰7;T2,Cunninghamia lanceolata︰Phoebe bournei=2︰3;T3,Cunninghamia lanceolata︰Phoebe bournei=1︰1 and one pure Cunninghamia lanceolata forest control(CK)were set up,with 9 sample plots in each mode.Soil samples were taken from 0-20,20-40 and 40-60 cm at three different slopes:upper,middle and lower.The ring knife method was used to determine the physical properties of the forest land under different modes,including soil bulk density,moisture content,maximum soil water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity,minimum soil water holding capacity,total porosity,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,etc.The chemical properties of the soil,including total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,effective phosphorus,organic matter and pH value,were determined according to the methods specified in relevant industry standards.【Result】The soil bulk density and mass water content differed significantly between different modes.The bulk density of the T1 was the smallest in the three soil layers,and the bulk density of the CK was the largest.The mass water content of the three soil layers was:T1>T3>T2>CK.In different modes and soil layers,except for the non-capillary pore CK of the 40-60 cm soil layer in the forest land interplanted with Phoebe bournei,which was greater than that of T2 and T3,the rest were mixed forests greater than the pure control forests.Interplanting Phoebe bournei can increase the pH value of forest soil.Under different closeto-nature transformations of Phoebe bournei,except for the total phosphorus content of the 20-40 cm soil layer,there were significant differences in the effects on the total nitrogen and total potassium content of the forest soil and the total phosphorus content of 0-20 and 40-60 cm.The total nitrogen and hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the soil were CK>T1>T2>T3 in the three soil layers.The total phosphorus and available potassium content of the soil were T1>T2>T3>CK in the three soil layers.The total potassium content of the soil was T1>CK>T2>T3 in the three soil layers.The organic matter content of CK was the highest in all the different modes,and there was no significant difference in the organic matter content among the three soil layers of T1,T2 and T3.The physical property factors of forest soil were generally greatly affected by the content of organic matter,total nitrogen,hydrolyzable nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium and total phosphorus.【Conclusion】The close-to-nature transformation model of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Phoebe bournei can improve the physical properties and nutrient conditions of forest soil,especially T1(3 Cunninghamia lanceolata and 7 Phoebe bournei),which has good promotion value.