文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：杂交杏李种质的抗寒性鉴定及生理机制解析

英文题名：Cold hardiness evaluation and physiological mechanism elucidation

作者：王阿宁[1] 齐安国[2] 王梦瑶[1] 朱高浦[1] 李泰山[1] 李芳东[1] 杨绍彬[1] 虎海防[3] 白丹凤[1]

第一作者：王阿宁

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所,郑州450003;[2]河南科技学院园艺园林学院,河南新乡453003;[3]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830000

年份：2025

卷号：42

期号：7

起止页码：1397-1406

中文期刊名：果树学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Fruit Science

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CAFYBB2024QF044);2023年新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划专项(2023B02016);河南省科技攻关项目(232102110228)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杂交杏李;低温胁迫;抗寒性;生理响应;隶属函数分析;综合评价

外文关键词：Prunus salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid;Low temperature stress;Cold tolerance;Physiolog-ical response;Membership function analysis;Comprehensive evaluation

分类号：S662.3

摘要：【目的】对10份杂交杏李种质进行抗寒性鉴定并探索抗寒生理机制,旨在筛选优良抗寒杏李种质。【方法】以6个主栽杏李品种和4个杏李优系为研究对象,采集一年生休眠枝条进行梯度温度处理(-10、-15、-20、-25、-30℃),测定相对电导率(REC)并结合Logistic方程计算低温半致死温度(LT_(50))鉴定抗寒性。此外,测定不同抗寒性种质在低温下的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-)·)含量、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、可溶性糖(SS)含量和脯氨酸(Pro)含量,进一步分析其低温生理响应机制,并利用隶属函数法综合评价其抗寒性。【结果】10个杏李种质的REC均随温度下降而上升,LT_(50)在-23.02~-31.67℃之间,其抗寒性划分为3个等级:高度抗寒性(LT_(50)<-30℃,味王和XL9)、中度抗寒性(-30℃≤LT_(50)≤-25℃,风味皇后、风味玫瑰和XL8)和低温敏感性(LT_(50)>-25℃,味厚、味帝、恐龙蛋、XL7和XL10)。低温下,高度抗寒基因型味王和XL9各指标随温度下降总体上呈先上升后下降的趋势;而低温敏感种质恐龙蛋和味帝的O_(2)^(-)·、H_(2)O_(2)和MDA含量随温度下降而升高,SS和Pro含量总体呈下降趋势,SOD和POD活性波动明显。隶属函数综合评价结果表明,抗寒性顺序为XL9>味王>恐龙蛋>味帝,与LT_(50)评价结果一致。【结论】LT_(50)是评价杂交杏李抗寒性的有效指标,味王和XL9的抗寒性最强,其抗寒性能主要依赖于枝条的抗氧化和渗透调节能力。
【Objective】The Prunus salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid is a novel interspecific hybrid de-rived from the cross between plum(P.salicina)and apricot(P.armeniaca),renowned for its exception-al fruit quality and economic value.P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid trees are widely planted in Xinji-ang,where they are known as the climatically marginal zone for economic cultivation due to its harsh cold winters characterized by prolonged subzero temperatures.In recent years,recurrent freezing inju-ries have severely constrained the sustainable development of P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid planta-tions,positioning low-temperature stress as a critical abiotic factor limiting its cultivation.However,systematic investigations into cold tolerance evaluation and physiological response mechanisms of this hybrid fruit crop remain scarce.This study aimed to evaluate the cold tolerance capacity of P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid germplasms and elucidate the physiological mechanisms underlying genotype-spe-cific responses to low-temperature stress,thereby facilitating the breeding of cold-resistant varieties.【Methods】Ten P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid genotypes comprising six commercial cultivars and four elite lines selected through our previous efforts were used for this study.In the winter of 2023,their annual dormant branches were collected and were subjected to controlled low-temperature treat-ments at-10,-15,-20,-25 and-30℃for 12 h,respectively.The relative electrical conductivity(REC)at different temperatures was measured immediately,and the half-lethal temperature(LT_(50))was calculated by combining the logistic equation to identify their cold tolerance.Furthermore,comparative physiological analysis was conducted on two strong cold-tolerant genotypes(Weiwang and XL9)and two cold-sensitive cultivars(Konglongdan and Weidi).The malondialdehyde(MDA)content was mea-sured using thiobarbituric acid method.The determination of soluble sugar(SS)content was carried out using the anthrone method.The proline(Pro)content was determined using the indene ketone colorimet-ric method.In addition,the superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)·)content,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))content,superox-ide dismutase(SOD)activity,and peroxidase(POD)activity were determined using commercial re-agent kits purchased from Suzhou Mengxi Biomedical Technology Co.,Ltd.Finally,their cold toler-ance was comprehensively evaluated through membership function analysis.【Results】With the de-creasing of cold treatment temperature,the relative conductivity of the annual dormant branches of 10 P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrid genotypes gradually increased,with LT_(50) values ranging from^(-2)3.02℃to-31.67℃,and the fit of the logistic equation for each genotype was R2 between 0.822 and 0.996.Based on these data,their cold tolerance is divided into three levels:strong cold tolerance(LT_(50)<-30℃,including Weiwang and XL9),moderate cold tolerance(-30℃-25℃,including Wei-hou,Weidi,Konglongdan,XL7 and XL10).Two strong cold-tolerant genotypes(Weiwang and XL9)and low-temperature sensitive genotypes(Konglongdan and Weidi)were selected to comparatively ana-lyze the physiological response mechanism to low-temperature stress.Physiological responses diverged significantly between cold-tolerant and sensitive genotypes.In Weiwang and XL9,antioxidant enzymes(SOD and POD)and osmolytes(SS and Pro)displayed coordinated regulation,peaking at intermediate temperatures(-20℃to-25℃)before declining,suggesting adaptive stress mitigation.Conversely,sensitive genotypes exhibited progressive oxidative damage,evidenced by linearly increasing O_(2)^(-)·,H_(2)O_(2),and MDA levels(up to 195.4%increase in H_(2)O_(2) at-30℃),coupled with declining SS(44.2%re-duction)and Pro contents,which indicated the oxidative damage they suffered increased gradually and the cell osmotic balance was disrupted.Additionally,SOD and POD activity of Konglongdan and Weidi fluctuated significantly.Membership function analysis confirmed the cold tolerance hierarchy:XL9>Weiwang>Konglongdan>Weidi,aligning with LT_(50) rankings.【Conclusion】LT_(50) serves as a reliable indicator for cold tolerance evaluation in P.salicina×P.armeniaca hybrids.The superior cold toler-ance of Weiwang and XL9 primarily stems from enhanced antioxidant capacity and osmotic adjustment in dormant branches.These findings provide valuable germplasm resources for cold-tolerant breeding programs and offer theoretical guidance for the introduction and cultivation of P.salicina×P.armenia-ca hybrids in cold-prone regions.