文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：木质纤维生物质制乙醇产业化现状与开发建议

英文题名：IIndustrialization Status and Development Suggestions for Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

作者：杨中志[1] 解静聪[1] 徐俊明[1]

第一作者：杨中志

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042

年份：2021

卷号：26

期号：10

起止页码：18-30

中文期刊名：中外能源

外文期刊名：Sino-Global Energy

基金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题“半纤维素定向解聚酶高效制备技术研究”(编号:2019YFB150380301);国家林业和草原局林业软科学研究项目“基于林业生物质高效全值化利用的产业化创新模式研究”(编号:2018-R6)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：木质纤维生物质;第二代生物乙醇;产业化;预处理;水解;发酵

外文关键词：lignocellulosic biomass;second-generation bioethanol;industrialization,pretreatment;hydrolysis;fermentation

分类号：TQ223.122

摘要：生物乙醇被认为是最有潜力替代汽油的可再生燃料。2019年,全球生物乙醇产量达到290×10^(8)gal,其中美国和巴西产量分别居于世界第一、第二位,两国生物乙醇产量约占世界总产量的84%;中国生物乙醇产量仅次于欧盟,居于世界第四位,为9×10^(8)gal。2020年,在第75届联合国大会期间,中国提出力争于2030年前实现碳达峰,2060年前实现碳中和。以木质纤维生物质为原料的第二代生物乙醇,因其原料来源广泛,不额外占用土地,不干扰粮食生产,对于保障我国粮食和生态安全,加快碳达峰、碳中和目标实现具有重要意义。第二代生物乙醇的生产过程分为四个步骤:预处理、水解、发酵和分离。采用适当的预处理技术、降低水解酶的生产成本以及降低酶水解产生的抑制性副产物对糖化发酵效率的影响,是保证第二代生物乙醇生产经济可行的几个关键问题。在世界范围内,美国、加拿大、挪威、奥地利、巴西、瑞典等国家率先实现了第二代燃料乙醇的商业化规模生产。在国家政策引导下,我国第二代生物乙醇生产技术不断取得新的突破,但产业发展情况整体不容乐观。对现有生物乙醇生产技术和资源进行整合,降低第二代生物乙醇的生产成本;从技术和成本上解决五碳糖与六碳糖的共发酵问题,提高生物乙醇的产率,可以提高第二代生物乙醇生产的经济可行性,促进产业健康发展。
Bioethanol is considered as the most potential renewable fuel to replace gasoline.In 2019,the global bioethanol production reached 29 billion gallons,and the production of the U.S.and Brazil ranked first and second in the world respectively,all together accounting for about 84%of the world′s total.China′s bioethanol production was 900 million gallons,ranking fourth in the world after the European Union.During the 75th General Assembly of the United Nations in 2020,China proposed to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.The second-generation bioethanol,which uses lignocellulosic biomass as the raw material,is of great significance to ensure China′s food and ecological security and accelerate the achievement of the goals of peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality due to its wide range of raw materials,no additional land occupation and no interference with food production.The production process of the second-generation bioethanol is divided into four steps,i.e.pretreatment,hydrolysis,fermentation and separation.Adopting appropriate pretreatment technology,reducing the production cost of hydrolytic enzymes and reducing the effect of the inhibitory by-products produced by enzymatic hydrolysis on the efficiency of saccharification and fermentation are the key issues to ensure the economic feasibility of the second-generation bioethanol production.Countries such as the United States,Canada,Norway,Austria,Brazil and Sweden have taken the lead in realizing the commercial scale production of the second-generation bioethanol.Guided by national policies,China has continuously made new breakthroughs in the second-generation bioethanol production technologies,however,the overall development of the industry is not optimistic.Integrating the existing bioethanol production technologies and resources can reduce the production cost of the second-generation bioethanol.Solving the co-fermentation problem of five-carbon sugar and six-carbon sugar in terms of technology and cost may increase the yield of bioethanol,thus improving the economic feasibility of the secondgeneration bioethanol production and promoting the healthy development of the bioethanol industry.