文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同种源苦槠果实品质差异及综合评价

英文题名：Study on fruit quality difference and comprehensive evaluation of different provenances of Castanopsis sclerophylla

作者：蔡宗明[1] 刘仁[1] 聂林芽[1] 贺小林[1] 朱琪[1] 郭志强[1] 张旭[1] 钟文斌[1]

第一作者：蔡宗明

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西新余336600

年份：2024

卷号：44

期号：12

起止页码：39-50

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB205047)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：苦槠;种源;养分含量特征;综合评价

外文关键词：Castanopsis sclerophylla;provenance;nutrient content characteristics;comprehensive evaluation

分类号：S792.17

摘要：【目的】比较不同种源苦槠果实品质特征,充分挖掘苦槠果用资源潜力,为今后苦槠优良种质资源选育、开发利用和保护提供借鉴。【方法】以2009年栽植于中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心山下林场的8个种源苦槠果实为试验对象,对苦槠果实的养分含量和多酚类物质及其抗氧化能力进行测定,并利用相关性分析、聚类分析及主成分分析等方法进行综合评价。【结果】1)8个种源苦槠各养分含量间存在显著差异,其中江西樟树01和江西新余01种源苦槠果实糖类物质较为丰富,总游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量较高;浙江安吉03种源的果胶含量最高,达132.07 mg·g^(-1),显著高于其他种源苦槠果胶含量;江西樟树01种源淀粉含量远低于其他种源;2)8个种源苦槠果实酚类相关物质含量较高的有浙江杭州02、江西上饶14和浙江武义10种源,其中浙江杭州02种源苦槠果实的总多酚、总黄酮和单宁含量最高,分别为42.68、8.76和28.59 mg·g^(-1),江西樟树01种源维苦槠果实维生素E含量远高于其他种源;3)蔗糖与总多酚、总黄酮、单宁、总抗氧化能力呈显著负相关关系,维生素E与果糖、总黄酮、单宁呈显著正相关关系,与葡萄糖、淀粉呈极显著负相关关系;总抗氧化能力与果糖、总多酚、总黄酮、单宁呈极显著的正相关关系。糖类物质均与年均温度、年均降水量和年日照时数呈显著正相关关系;年均降水量与淀粉、总果胶呈显著负相关关系;年日照时数与总多酚、总黄酮、单宁、总抗氧化能力呈负相关关系;4)聚类分析表明不同种源苦槠果实养分并未按照地理距离而聚类,综合得分排名发现,浙江杭州02种源苦槠的酚类相关物质最高,江西樟树01种源苦槠养分含量最高;苦槠果实品质综合排名前四的种源分别是浙江杭州02、江西上饶14、浙江开化15、江西樟树01。【结论】蔗糖合成与总多酚、总黄酮、单宁合成存在此消彼长现象,温度和降水量适当增加有利于促进果实糖类物质积累,日照时间的增长会降低总多酚、总黄酮、单宁合成。苦槠果实养分在空间上不存在特异性,对于林木优良种质资源的筛选具有重大指导意义。本试验区适合引种江西樟树01种源苦槠开发为特色食品,对浙江杭州02、江西上饶14和浙江开化15种源苦槠引种适合开发其工业价值。
【Objective】The aim was to compare the fruit quality characteristics of different provenances of Castanopsis sclerophylla,fully tap the potential of fruit resources of C.sclerophylla,and provide reference for the breeding,development,utilization and protection of excellent germplasm resources of C.sclerophylla in the future.【Method】The fruits of eight provenances of C.sclerophylla planted in Shanxia Forest Farm of Subtropical Forestry Experimental Center of Chinese Academy of Forestry in 2009 were used as experimental objects.The nutrients,polyphenols and antioxidant capacity of C.sclerophylla fruits were determined,and the correlation analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation.【Result】1)There were significant differences in nutrient contents among the eight provenances of C.sclerophylla.Among them,the fruits of C.sclerophylla from Jiangxi Zhangshu 01 and Jiangxi Xinyu 01 were rich in carbohydrates,and the contents of total free amino acids and soluble proteins were higher.The pectin content of Anji 03 provenance was the highest,reaching 132.07 mg·g^(-1),which was significantly higher than that of other provenances.The starch content of Jiangxi camphor tree 01 provenance was much lower than that of other provenances;2)The contents of phenolic related substances in the fruits of 8 provenances of C.sclerophylla were higher in Zhejiang Hangzhou 02,Jiangxi Shangrao 14 and Zhejiang Wuyi 10 provenances.The contents of total polyphenols,total flavonoids and tannins in the fruits of Zhejiang Hangzhou 02 provenances were the highest,which were 42.68 mg·g^(-1),8.76 mg·g^(-1) and 28.59 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The content of vitamin E in the fruits of Jiangxi Zhangshu 01 provenances was much higher than that of other provenances;3)Sucrose was significantly negatively correlated with total polyphenols,total flavonoids,tannins and total antioxidant capacity.Vitamin E was significantly positively correlated with fructose,total flavonoids and tannins,and was significantly negatively correlated with glucose and starch.Total antioxidant capacity was significantly positively correlated with fructose,total polyphenols,total flavonoids and tannins.Carbohydrates were significantly positively correlated with annual average temperature,annual average precipitation and annual sunshine hours.The average annual precipitation was significantly negatively correlated with starch and total pectin.The annual sunshine hours were negatively correlated with total polyphenols,total flavonoids,tannins and total antioxidant capacity;4)The cluster analysis showed that the fruit nutrients of different provenances of C.sclerophylla were not clustered according to the geographical distance.The comprehensive score ranking found that the phenolic related substances of Zhejiang Hangzhou 02 provenances were the highest,and the nutrient content of Jiangxi Zhangshu 01 provenances was the highest.The top four provenances of C.sclerophylla fruit quality were Zhejiang Hangzhou 02,Jiangxi Shangrao 14,Zhejiang Kaihua 15,Jiangxi Zhangshu 01.【Conclusion】There is a reciprocal phenomenon between sucrose synthesis and total polyphenol,total flavonoids and tannin synthesis.Appropriate increase of temperature and precipitation is conducive to promoting the accumulation of sugars in fruits.The increase of sunshine time will reduce the synthesis of total polyphenols,total flavonoids and tannins.The fruit nutrients of C.sclerophylla have no specificity in space,which is of great guiding significance for the screening of excellent germplasm resources of trees.This test area is suitable for the introduction of Jiangxi Zhangshu 01 provenance of C.sclerophylla development as a characteristic food.The introduction of 15 provenances of C.sclerophylla from Hangzhou 02 in Zhejiang,Shangrao 14 in Jiangxi and Kaihua in Zhejiang is suitable for the development of its industrial value.