文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：林木木材形成机制及材性改良研究进展

英文题名：Wood Formation Mechanism and Properties Improvement in Forest Trees

作者：李少锋[1]

第一作者：李少锋

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心

年份：2019

卷号：0

期号：2

起止页码：40-47

中文期刊名：温带林业研究

外文期刊名：Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基金：国家自然科学基金(31770705);转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2018ZX08020002)资助项目

语种：中文

中文关键词：木材形成;速生优质林木;调控机制;材性改良

外文关键词：wood formation;forest trees with fast-growing and fine quality;regulation mechanism;wood properties improvement

分类号：S781.7

摘要：我国森林覆盖率低,木材供求矛盾突出,迫切需要营造速生优质人工林,加速木材品质性状遗传改良进程。木材形成机理的研究可以为培育速生优质林木提供理论指导和原创技术,林木的次生生长包括维管组织形成、次生细胞壁形成及木质化、细胞程序化死亡、以及心材形成等过程。由于木本植物生长周期长、转基因材料较难获取以及缺乏有效的基因突变体库,对林木木材形成的机制研究相对滞后。随着近20年研究技术的发展和多学科交叉研究的应用,材性相关基因的功能及其调控机制等得到了很大程度的揭示,例如发现了木聚糖乙酰化修饰存在乙酰化和去乙酰化过程,揭示了赤霉素调控纤维素合成的信号转导通路,解析了ILA1-IIP4-NAC调控次生壁形成的信号转导通路,建立了木质素合成的新型系统生物学模型,从而有助于在木质素生物合成中提升木材应用性能。本文介绍了木材形成机理及转录调控网络、材性遗传改良的研究进展,并论述了次生生长与抗逆性状的平衡机制研究情况。这些研究进展不仅使人们对次生细胞壁的合成机理有了更深入的认识,也为木材形成的机制应用于材性遗传改良奠定了重要的理论基础,同时还对未来基因功能研究可能运用到的技术和方法进行了展望。
China’s forest coverage is low,and the contradiction between supply and demand of timber is prominent.There is an urgent need to cultivate forest trees of fast-growing and fine quality,and accelerate the process for improving wood quality.The mechanism for wood formation in forest trees can provide theoretical guidance and original technologyto cultivate forest trees for fast-growing and fine quality.Secondary growth includes vascular tissue development,secondary cell wall formation and lignification,programmed cell death,and heartwood formation.Due to the long growth cycle,the difficulty of obtaining transgenic plants and the lack of effective gene mutant library,the mechanism study of wood formation is still lagging behind.Based on the development of techniques and knowledge of interdisciplines,much progress has been made in the mechanisms of wood formation during the past two decades.For example,it was found that there were acetylation and deacetylation processes in xylan acetylation modification.The cellulose synthesis regulated by gibberellin-mediated transduction pathway was revealed,and the signal transduction pathway of ILA1-IIP4-NAC was analyzed.A new system biological model of lignin synthesis was established,so the wood properties may be improved in lignin biosynthesis.In this review,we summarize the progress achieved in the areas of wood formation and regulatory network,genetic improvement of wood properties inforest trees,and the balanced regulation mechanism of secondary growth and stress resistance was also discussed.All those advances not only further our understanding on the mechanisms of secondary cell wall formation,but also provide the scientific views for the application of wood formation mechanism to forest genetic improvement.In addition,technologies and methods used in future research are discussed.