文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同土地利用类型水土保持特征研究

英文题名：Effects of different land-use on characteristics of soil and water conservation

作者：孔维健[1] 周本智[1] 傅懋毅[1] 李正才[1] 谢锦忠[1] 吴明[1]

第一作者：孔维健

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所

年份：2009

卷号：33

期号：4

起止页码：57-61

中文期刊名：南京林业大学学报：自然科学版

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2008】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD03A1806);CIFOR国际合作项目

语种：中文

中文关键词：土地利用类型;水土保持;地表径流;径流系数;土壤侵蚀模数;东-西部梯度

外文关键词：land-use type; soil and water conservation; surface runoff; runoff coefficient; soil erosion modulus; eastwest gradient

分类号：S715

摘要：在富阳、安吉、平江和沐川连续两年对集约经营型竹林、粗放经营型竹林、天然次生林、针叶林、经济林、农耕地等6种植被类型试验样地进行地表径流和侵蚀产沙观测研究。结果表明：（1）不同土地利用类型／植被类型地表径流差异显著，天然次生林年地表径流量和径流系数最小，其次是针叶林、集约经营型竹林和经济林，粗放经营型竹林年地表径流量、径流系数较大。农耕地年地表径流量、径流系数最大，是天然次生林的3～8倍。（2）不同土地利用类型／植被类型土壤侵蚀模数差异也表现出相似规律。天然次生林土壤侵蚀模数最小，其次是针叶林，粗放经营型竹林、集约经营型竹林和经济林较大。农耕地土壤侵蚀模数最大，是天然次生林的3～9倍。（3）我国东部-西部梯度上不同土地利用类型的水土保持特征差异显著。东部地区的地表径流系数和土壤侵蚀模数均显著低于中西部地区。这与我国东部、西部不同的自然条件、经济社会发展水平和水土保持生态建设现状相关。
The surface runoff and sediment yield of six land-use types has been monitored consecutively for two years in Fuyang, Anji, Pingjiang and Muchuan, which include natural forest, coniferous forest, extensively-managed bamboo stand, intensively-managed bamboo stand, economic forest and farmland. The results showed as follows： （ 1 ） The surface runoff of different land-use/vegetation types showed significant differences. The surface runoff and the runoff coefficient of natural forests was the minimum, followed by coniferous forest, intensively-managed bamboo stand, economic forest and extensively-managed bamboo stand. The surface runoff of farmland was the maximum, which was 3 to 8 times as that of natural forest. （2） The soil erosion modulus of different land-use/vegetation types also showed the similar trend as the runoff coefficient. The soil erosion modulus of natural forest was the minimum, followed by coniferous forest, extensively-managed bamboo stand, intensively-managed bamboo stand and economic forest. The soil erosion modulus of farmland was the maximum, which was 3 to 9 times as that of natural forest. （3） The characteristics of the soil and water conservation of different land-use types along the east-west gradient of China had a significant difference. In the eastern part of China, the surface runoff coefficient and soil erosion modulus were significantly lower than that of the central and western regions. It was related to the difference between the regions of the natural conditions, economic and social development level and the status quo of soil and water conservation.