文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Discriminative feature constraints via supervised contrastive learning for few-shot forest tree species classification using airborne hyperspectral images

作者：Chen, Long[1,2] Wu, Jing[1,2] Xie, Yifan[1,2] Chen, Erxue[3] Zhang, Xiaoli[1,2]

第一作者：Chen, Long

通信作者：Zhang, XL[1]

机构：[1]Beijing Forestry Univ, Forestry Coll, Beijing Key Lab Precis Forestry, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;[2]Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Forest Cultivat & Protect, Minist Educ, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;[3]Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest Resource Informat Tech, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China

年份：2023

卷号：295

外文期刊名：REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT

收录：;EI(收录号：20232814378724);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85164219591);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001037424000001)】；

基金：This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers: 32171779] , the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Ministry of Science and Technology [grant numbers: 2017YFD0600900] , and DRAGON 5 COOPERATION [ID: 59257] .

语种：英文

外文关键词：Supervised contrastive learning; Multiple tree species classification; Prototypical networks; Airborne hyperspectral images; RandAugment

摘要：In scenarios where sample collection is limited, studying few-shot learning algorithms such as prototypical networks (P-Net) is a keynote topic for supervised multiple tree species classification. In a previous study, we improved the P-Net by combining the feature enhancement algorithm based on the convolutional block attention module and several popular data augmentation methods in the computer vision domain, the classification accuracy can be significantly increased, and the degree of model overfitting can be reduced. However, there is a clear boundary between the data augmentations and the feature enhancement algorithm, which is manifested in that data augmentations are only used to enrich the diversity of the learned samples, but cannot directly affect the construction of the objective function, thus limiting the ability of data augmentations. In fact, in the supervised contrastive learning research, data augmentation methods are often used to generate positive samples of an anchor image to construct the objective function, i.e. supervised contrastive loss. The core idea for solving such a boundary problem is to use contrastive learning to make the anchor image close to its positive samples and the negative samples away from each other. Inspired by this, we introduced supervised contrastive learning in the P-Net, i.e., SCL-P-Net, which takes the discriminative feature representations as the constraints of the prototype clustering algorithm. In SCL-P-Net, data augmentation methods can not only extend the sample distribution, but also be used to construct the supervised contrastive loss directly. The study involves four airborne hyperspectral image datasets related to tree species classification, including the GFF-A and GFF-B datasets collected from Gaofeng Forest Farm in Nanning City, Guangxi Province, South China, the Xiongan dataset from Matiwan Village in Xiongan New Area, Hebei Province, North China, and the Tea Farm dataset from Fanglu Tea Farm in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, East China. The highest overall accuracy (OA) for the four datasets is 99.23% for GFF-A, 98.39% for GFF-B, 99.30% for Xiongan, and 99.54% for Tea Farm. It is concluded that the proposed SCL-P-Net classification framework can achieve multiple tree species classification with high-precision. Without changing the basic classification framework of P-Net, the introduction of supervised contrastive learning makes the combination of the data augmentations and the feature enhancement algorithm and plays a positive role in improving the distinguishability between samples.