文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Frequent ploidy changes in Salicaceae indicates widespread sharing of the salicoid whole genome duplication by the relatives of Populus L. and Salix L.

作者：Zhang, Zhong-Shuai[1] Zeng, Qing-Yin[1] Liu, Yan-Jing[1]

第一作者：Zhang, Zhong-Shuai

通信作者：Liu, YJ[1]

机构：[1]Chinese Acad Forestry, State Key Lab Tree Genet & Breeding, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China

年份：2021

卷号：21

期号：1

外文期刊名：BMC PLANT BIOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000718108800001)】；

基金：This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31822011 and 32001329) and the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry (TGB2020001 and TGB2021001).

语种：英文

外文关键词：Salicaceae; Chromosome number; DNA content; Phylogeny; Whole genome duplication

摘要：Backgrounds Populus and Salix belong to Salicaceae and are used as models to investigate woody plant physiology. The variation of karyotype and nuclear DNA content can partly reflect the evolutionary history of the whole genome, and can provide critical information for understanding, predicting, and potentially ameliorating the woody plant traits. Therefore, it is essential to study the chromosome number (CN) and genome size in detail to provide information for revealing the evolutionary process of Salicaceae. Results In this study, we report the somatic CNs of seventeen species from eight genera in Salicaceae. Of these, CNs for twelve species and for five genera are reported for the first time. Among the three subfamilies of Salicaceae, the available data indicate CN in Samydoideae is n = 21, 22, 42. The only two genera, Dianyuea and Scyphostegia, in Scyphostegioideae respectively have n = 9 and 18. In Salicoideae, Populus, Salix and five genera closely related to them (Bennettiodendron, Idesia, Carrierea, Poliothyrsis, Itoa) are based on relatively high CNs from n = 19, 20, 21, 22 to n = 95 in Salix. However, the other genera of Salicoideae are mainly based on relatively low CNs of n = 9, 10, 11. The genome sizes of 35 taxa belonging to 14 genera of Salicaceae were estimated. Of these, the genome sizes of 12 genera and all taxa except Populus euphratica are first reported. Except for Dianyuea, Idesia and Bennettiodendron, all examined species have relatively small genome sizes of less than 1 pg, although polyploidization exists. Conclusions The variation of CN and genome size across Salicaceae indicates frequent ploidy changes and a widespread sharing of the salicoid whole genome duplication (WGD) by the relatives of Populus and Salix. The shrinkage of genome size after WGD indicates massive loss of genomic components. The phylogenetic asymmetry in clade of Populus, Salix, and their close relatives suggests that there is a lag-time for the subsequent radiations after the salicoid WGD event. Our results provide useful data for studying the evolutionary events of Salicaceae.