文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：天然林林分质量评价方法研究

英文题名：Study on Stand Quality Evaluation Method of Natural Forest

作者：卢彦磊[1] 刘建科[2] 王小勇[2] 张弓乔[1] 惠刚盈[1] 胡艳波[1]

第一作者：卢彦磊

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091;[2]甘肃省小陇山林业保护中心龙门林场,甘肃天水741039

年份：2025

卷号：38

期号：2

起止页码：78-89

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“国家重点研发计划资助”林木分布格局对人工林生产力提升的作用机制(2023YFD220040301)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：天然林;林分质量;评价指标体系;综合评价指数

外文关键词：natural forest;stand quality;evaluation indicator system;comprehensive evaluation index

分类号：S750

摘要：[目的]为科学判断天然林的林分质量状况和经营效果,开展了林分质量多指标综合评价方法研究。[方法]依据全面性、科学性和可操作性原则,从林分结构和林分活力2个方面筛选了垂直结构、水平结构、年龄结构、树种组成、林分密度、林分长势、林分更新、大径林木以及林木健康等9项内容,首先对各项内容赋予具体的评价指标,然后构筑林分质量评价体系,并基于单位圆法构建全新的林分质量综合评价指数(FQ)。[结果]通过对全国4个地区15块样地的天然林质量进行比较,展示该指数的有效性、科学性和准确性,结果显示:1)研究分析的天然混交林林分质量等级均≥Ⅱ级,其中部分天然混交林林分质量等级为I级;2)天然纯林林分质量等级为Ⅲ级或Ⅳ级;3)天然混交林林分质量显著优于天然纯林。[结论]本研究对所选取天然林的林分质量评价结果与现地观感一致,评价结果直观可靠,符合现实林分的客观实际和普遍规律,可见,本研究提出来的林分质量多指标综合评价方法能科学、公正地评价出我国不同地域不同森林类型天然林的质量优劣,同时也为林分质量问题诊断、林分质量精准提升以及森林经营决策提供重要的理论依据和分析工具。
[Objective]This study aims to develop a scientific approach for evaluating the stand quality and management effectiveness of natural forests by exploring a multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method for stand quality.[Method]Following the principles of comprehensiveness,scientific rigor,and practicality,this study identified nine evaluation criteria from two main aspects:stand structure and stand vitality.These criteria included vertical structure,horizontal structure,age structure,tree species composition,stand density,stand growth,stand regeneration,large-diameter trees,and tree health.Specific evaluation indicators were assigned to each criterion,leading to the development of a stand quality evaluation system.A novel comprehensive evaluation index for stand quality(FQ)was constructed using the unit circle method.[Result]The validity,scientificity and accuracy of the index were demonstrated by comparing the stand quality of natural forests in 15 plots of 4 regions of China.The results showed that:1)The stand quality grades of natural mixed forests analyzed in the study were all≥grade II,with some forests rated as grade I;2)The quality grades of natural pure forests were grade III or grade IV;3)The stand quality of natural mixed forests was significantly better than that of natural pure forests.[Conclusion]In this study,the stand quality evaluation results of the selected natural forests were consistent with the local perception.The evaluation was intuitive and reliable,aligning with the actual conditions and universal principles of the studied stands.It could be seen that the multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method of stand quality proposed in this study could scientifically and fairly evaluate the quality of natural forests of different forest types in different regions of China.Moreover,it offers an important theoretical foundation and analytical tool for diagnosing stand quality issues,accurately improving stand quality,and informing forest management decisions.