文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同林龄杉木人工林树冠形态因子与生长形质通径分析

英文题名：Path Analysis of Canopy Morphological Factors and Growth Form Quality of Chinese Fir Plantation with Different Forest Ages

作者：张利利[1] 谭新建[1] 司芳芳[1] 张华聪[1] 李翱翔[1] 潘文婷[1]

第一作者：张利利

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600

年份：2023

卷号：45

期号：4

起止页码：894-904

中文期刊名：江西农业大学学报

外文期刊名：Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2020MB005);中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(CAFYBB2021ZE005);“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0600905)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木;树冠形态因子;生长形质;通径分析

外文关键词：Chinese fir;canopy morphological factors;growth shape and quality traits;path analysis

分类号：S791.27

摘要：【目的】研究不同林龄杉木树冠形态因子对单株材积指数、胸径、无节材长度的影响,确定杉木在不同龄级阶段树冠形态调控的重点和方向,为培育速生丰产杉木林提供科学依据。【方法】以江西大岗山3个不同龄级的杉木人工林为研究对象,使用相关性分析和通径分析方法,对杉木树冠形态因子与单株材积指数、胸径、无节材长度的关系进行分析。【结果】不同龄级阶段,树冠形态因子与生长形质性状具有明显相关性,且在中龄林阶段时相关性最为显著。树冠形态因子对生长形质性状的直接作用具有显著差异,冠幅、冠形率对生长形质性状具有极显著的促进作用,冠长率对生长形质性状具有极显著的负效应,随着林分的生长,树冠形态因子对生长形质性状的影响逐渐减弱,杉木树冠形态调控的最佳时间为幼龄林和中龄林阶段。不同的林分生长阶段,树冠形态因子对生长形质性状的相对重要性呈现不同的排序,培育速生丰产杉木理想冠形的调控重点和方向有所差异。幼龄林阶段,树冠形态因子对3个生长形质性状的相对重要性排序由大到小依次为冠长率、冠形率、冠幅;中龄林阶段,对胸径和单株材积指数的相对重要性排序由大到小依次为冠长率、冠幅、冠形率,对无节材长度的相对重要性排序由大到小依次为冠长率、冠形率、冠幅;近熟林阶段,对单株材积指数、胸径和无节材长度影响最重要的树冠形态因子分别为冠形率、冠幅、冠长率。树冠形态因子对生长形质性状整体作用的相对重要性排序,幼龄林阶段为冠长率第1、冠形率第2、冠幅第3;中龄林阶段冠长率第1、冠幅第2、冠形率第3;近熟林阶段为冠幅第1、冠长率第2、冠形率第3。【结论】促进杉木速生丰产树冠调控的重点方向,幼龄林和中龄林阶段均为降低冠长率;近熟林阶段,促进单株材积生长的调控方向为增加冠形狭长度,增加林木胸径的调控方向为增加冠幅宽度,促进无节材长度增长的调控方向为降低冠长率。不同龄级阶段的理想冠形,幼龄林阶段为低冠长率,冠形狭长和在此基础上较为宽大的冠幅;中龄林阶段为低冠长率和宽大的冠幅,以及在该基础上狭长的冠形;近熟林阶段为宽大的冠幅,低冠长率和在该基础上狭长的冠形。
[Objective]The effects of canopy morphological factors of Chinese fir at different ages on individual volume index,DBH and non-nodular wood length were explored to determine the focus and direction of canopy morphological regulation of Chinese fir at different ages,thus providing scientific basis for cultivating fast-growing and high-yield Chinese fir forest.[Method]Three Chinese fir plantations of different age groups in Dagang Mountain of Jiangxi Province were studied.Correlation analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the canopy morphological characteristics of Chinese fir trees and the individual volume index,DBH and length of non-knot timber.[Result]The correlation between canopy morphological factors and growth traits was obvious at different age stages,and the correlation was most significant at the middle-aged forest stage.The direct effects of canopy morphological factors on growth shape and quality traits were significantly different.Canopy width and canopy shape rate had a highly significant promoting effect on growth shape and quality traits,while canopy length rate had a highly significant negative effect on growth shape and quality traits.With the growth of the stand,the influence of canopy morphological factors on growth shape and quality traits was gradually weakened.The best time to regulate the canopy form of Chinese fir is young forest and middle-aged forest stage.In different growth stages of the stand,the relative importance of canopy morphological factors to growth and form traits showed different orders,and the focus and direction of the regulation of ideal canopy shape in the cultivation of fast-growing and high-yield Chinese fir were different.The relative importance of canopy morphological factors to the three growth shape and quality traits in young forest stage was ranked first in canopy length rate,second in canopy shape rate and third in crown width in descending order.In the middle-aged forest stage,the relative importance of canopy morphological factors on DBH and individual volume index was ranked from large to small as canopy length rate,canopy width and canopy shape rate,while the relative importance of length of non-knot timber was ranked from large to small as canopy length rate,canopy shape rate and canopy width.Canopy shape rate,canopy width and canopy length rate ranked first in the relative importance of canopy morphological factors to individual volume index,DBH and length of non-knot timber respectively in near-mature forest stage.In the young forest stage,the relative importance of canopy morphological factors to the three growth traits was ranked from high to low as follows:canopy length rate,canopy shape rate and canopy width.In the middle-aged forest stage,the order of relative importance of DBH and individual volume index from high to low was canopy length rate,canopy width and canopy shape rate,and the relative importance of the length of non-nodal wood from high to low was canopy length rate,canopy shape rate and canopy width.In the near-mature forest stage,the most important crown morphological factors affecting individual volume index,DBH and non-nodal length were canopy shape rate,canopy width and canopy length rate,respectively.The relative importance of canopy morphological factors on the overall effect of growth traits was ranked as follows:In young forest stage,canopy length rate ranked the first,canopy shape rate the second and canopy width the third.In the middle-aged forest stage,canopy length rate ranked first,canopy width the second and canopy shape the third respectively.In the near-mature forest stage,canopy width,canopy length and canopy shape rank the first,the second and the third respectively.[Conclusion]The key direction to promote the rapid growth and high yield of Chinese fir canopy regulation is to reduce the canopy length rate in both young and middle-aged forest stages.In the near-mature forest stage,the focus and direction of promoting the regulation of individual volume index is to make the canopy long and narrow,the increasing the DBH is to increase the canopy width,and the promoting of non-knot timber length is to reduce the canopy length.The ideal canopy shape of different age stages is as follows:low canopy length ratio,narrow canopy shape and relatively broad canopy width in the young forest stage;low canopy length ratio,broad canopy width and narrow canopy shape the middle-aged stage;broad canopy width,low canopy length ratio and narrow canopy shape in the near mature forest stage.