文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于红外相机技术的广东大瑶山省级自然保护区鸟兽多样性及时空分布研究

英文题名：The Diversity,Spatial-temporal Distribution of Birds and Mammals in Guangdong Dayao Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve Base on Infrared Cameras

作者：黄子峻[1,2] 肖以华[1] 佟富春[2] 许涵[1] 付志高[1] 曾繁助[3] 邹滨[3] 吴林芳[4]

第一作者：黄子峻

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州510520;[2]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广州510642;[3]广东大瑶山省级自然保护区管理处,韶关512200;[4]广州林芳生态科技有限公司,广州510520

年份：2023

卷号：3

期号：2

起止页码：78-88

中文期刊名：陆地生态系统与保护学报

外文期刊名：Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2018ZB001-7);广东省科技厅林业生态监测网络平台建设(2021CG632);广东珠江三角洲森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站(0144135)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：大瑶山省级自然保护区;红外相机;鸟兽多样性;相对多度;广义线性混合模型

外文关键词：Dayao Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve;Infrared camera;bird and mammal diversity;relative abundance index;generalized linear mixed model

分类号：S759.9

摘要：【目的】为摸清广东大瑶山省级自然保护区物种本底资料,转变目前该保护区鸟兽多样性研究相对滞后的局面。【方法】于2020—2022年,在大瑶山自然保护区以1 km×2 km的公里网格法,布设了49台红外相机,对保护区内林下鸟兽多样性进行了调查。【结果】1)累计21505个有效相机工作日,共获得独立有效照片9113张;拍摄到59种野生动物,其中鸟类45种(隶属于8目19科)、兽类14种(隶属于3目9科)。2)在59种野生动物中,国家一级重点保护野生动物有1种,即黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti);国家二级重点保护野生动物有白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、仙八色鸫(Pitta nympha)、豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)等12种;IUCN红色名录易危(VU)物种2种;中国脊椎动物红色名录濒危(EN)物种1种,易危(VU)5种,近危(NT)10种;CITES附录Ⅰ和附录Ⅱ收录分别有2种和9种。3)相对多度指数较高的鸟类依次是:白鹇(15.92)、紫啸鸫(Myophonus caeruleus,1.81)、灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracicus,0.71)、虎斑地鸫(Zoothera aurea,0.39)和黑领噪鹛(Garrulax pectoralis,0.27);兽类依次是:赤麂(Muntiacus vaginalis,9.62)、鼬獾(Melogale moschata,5.24)、小麂(Muntiacus reevesi,1.99)、赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus,1.67)、红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus,1.30)。4)春季鸟类有效照片数和独立有效照片数最多;夏季鸟类丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最低;冬季鸟类丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高,但独立有效照片数最少。夏季兽类独立有效照片数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最低;秋季兽类有效照片数和独立有效照片数最多;冬季兽类Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高。黄腹角雉春季相对多度指数最高,冬季最低;白鹇和仙八色鸫夏季相对多度指数最高,冬季最低;豹猫秋季相对多度指数最高,夏季最低。5)广义线性混合模型结果显示:鸟类丰富度受高速公路、林分类型、地形和村庄的显著影响,鸟类丰富度在靠近高速公路、阔叶林、上坡位和村庄的区域较高;兽类丰富度受地形的显著影响,在山体中的平地和上坡位会较高。【结论】本次调查结果完善了保护区鸟类和兽类资源的时空分布信息,为大瑶山自然保护区进一步开展鸟兽多样性研究提供了基础资料,也为后续保护区的保护和管理工作提供了科学依据。
【Objective】To map out the species background information of Guangdong Dayao Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve,and to change the current situation that the study of birds and mammals diversity in the reserve is relatively lagging behind.【Method】From 2020 to 2022,49 infrared cameras were set up in the Dayao Mountain Nature Reserve with a kilometer grid method of 1 km×2 km,to investigate the diversity of birds and mammals under the forest.【Result】1)A total of 9113 independent photos were taken over 21505 camera days.We identified 59 species from infrared cameras photos,including 45 bird species belonging to 8 orders and 19 families,and 14 mammal species belonging to 3 orders and 9 families.2)Of all the detected species,Tragopan caboti was listed as ClassⅠNational Protected Wildlife,and 12 species were listed as ClassⅡNational Protected Wildlife(including Lophura nycthemer,Pitta nympha,Prionailurus bengalensis,and others).Two species were listed as Vulnerable(VU)according to the IUCN Red List.One species was listed as Endangered(EN),five as Vulnerable(VU),and 10 as Near Threatened(NT)according to the Red List of China’s Vertebrates.In addition,two and nine species were listed in CITES Appendix I and II respectively.3)The top five bird species with the highest relative abundance index from high to low were Lophura nycthemera(15.92),Myophonus caeruleus(1.81),Bambusicola thoracicus(0.71),Zoothera aurea(0.39),and Garrulax pectoralis(0.27).The top five mammal species with the highest relative abundance index from high to low were Muntiacus vaginalis(9.62),Melogale moschata(5.24),Muntiacus reevesi(1.99),Callosciurus erythraeus(1.67)and Dremomys pyrrhomerus(1.30).4)The effective photos and independent photos of birds were the most in spring.The bird richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of birds were the lowest in summer.The bird richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were the highest in winter,but the independent photos were the least.The independent photos and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of mammals were the lowest in the summer.The effective photos and independent photos of mammals were the most in autumn.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of mammals was the highest in winter.The highest relative abundance index for T.caboti was in spring and the lowest was in winter.The highest relative abundance index for L.nycthemer and P.nympha was in summer,but the lowest was in winter.The highest relative abundance index for P.bengalensis was in autumn and the lowest was in summer.5)The results of the generalized linear mixed model showed that bird richness was significantly influenced by highways,forest type,topography,and villages,and was higher in areas close to highways,villages,broad-leaved forests,and up-slope.Mammal richness was significantly influenced by topography and was higher in flatlands and up-slopes in mountains.【Conclusion】The results of this survey improve the spatial and temporal distribution information of bird and animal resources in the reserve,and provide basic information for further research on bird and mammal diversity in Dayaoshan Nature Reserve.It also provides scientific basis for the subsequent conservation and management of the reserve.