文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：京津风沙源土壤风蚀时空格局及其演化

英文题名：Spatial and temporal evolution of soil wind erosion in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources

作者：赵晓萌[1,2,3] 程宏[1,2,3] 蒋宁[1,2,3] 邹学勇[1,2,3] 吴波[4] 蒋玲梅[3] 张恺笛[1,2,3] 贺伟伟[1,2,3]

第一作者：赵晓萌

通信作者：Chen, H[1];Chen, H[2];Chen, H[3]

机构：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875;[2]北京师范大学防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875;[3]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875;[4]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所,北京100091

年份：2023

卷号：68

期号：2

起止页码：238-253

中文期刊名：科学通报

外文期刊名：Chinese Science Bulletin

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20230613560347);Scopus;WOS:【ESCI(收录号:WOS:000916025600010)】；北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家自然科学基金(42171003);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500806);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室自主课题(2022-ZD-01)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：京津风沙源;风蚀;时空格局;气候变化;土地利用变化

外文关键词：Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources;soil wind erosion;spatial-temporal evolution;climate change;land-use change

分类号：S157

摘要：为了控制土壤风蚀及其产生的沙尘释放对京津地区大气环境的影响,中国政府于21世纪初实施了具有重要战略意义的京津风沙源治理工程.通过植树种草、轮牧禁牧、土地利用优化等措施,丰富了区内生物多样性,提高了区内植被盖度,生态环境得到一定程度的改善.基于野外调查、室内实验、遥感影像反演以及气象数据,本文采用《全国水土流失动态监测规划(2018~2022年)》和《区域水土流失动态监测技术规定(试行)》中指定的土壤风蚀模型,计算了京津风沙源治理以来典型年份、土地利用变化和气候变化共计3种情形下土壤风蚀,揭示了京津风沙源土壤风蚀模数和强度的时空格局及其演化规律,明确了土地利用变化、气候变化对京津风沙源土壤风蚀时空格局的影响,发现气候变化导致风蚀模数和面积的变率,与当年对应的变率相当,大于土地利用变化的影响.此外,土地利用变化情形风蚀面积总体减少,尤其是2010~2015年间减小了4.10%,说明京津风沙源治理工程发挥了重要作用,为京津风沙源治理工程效益评估以及优化布局提供科学依据.
Dust emissions due to soil wind erosion and its transport are the most important natural sources of inhalable particulate matter in the atmospheric environment of sandstorm sources and the regions where sandstorms occur. To control the impact of dust emissions caused by soil wind erosion on the atmospheric environment in the Beijing-Tianjin resources, the Chinese government implemented a strategic significance ecological governance project in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources at the beginning of this century. However, there is still much controversy about soil wind erosion in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources and the resulting dust emissions. Based on field surveys, laboratory tests, remote sensing images and meteorological data, this paper calculated soil wind erosion in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources under three conditions, including the typical years of 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, land-use change conditions(land use in 2000, 2005,2010, and 2015 but other factors with 2015), and climate change conditions(land use in 2015 but other factors with 2000,2005, 2010, and 2015), by using the specified soil wind erosion model in the National Plan for Dynamic Monitoring of Soil and Water Loss from 2018 to 2022 and the Technical Regulations for Dynamic Monitoring of Regional Soil and Water Loss(Trial Version). In 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, the fluctuation in wind erosion modulus in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources decreased. Wind erosion modulus gradually decreased from northwest to southeast, and the value in desert or sandy land was higher than that in the surrounding areas. With the advancement of governance projects in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources, the distribution of wind erosion modulus changed significantly. Wind erosion modulus in the desert steppe was the largest and was approximately 2.67–2.98 times that of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources. Wind erosion modulus in the Hetao Plain and Hunshandake Sandy Land, were roughly the same as that in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources. Wind erosion modulus in other subregions was 42.69% of that in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources. Wind erosion area and variability in the above years in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources were 385800–464500 km^(2) and-9.35%–9.14%, respectively. The area of mild and moderate wind erosion accounted for 91.56%. Overall, wind erosion area in the northwestern Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources was large, and its area proportion was high, followed by that in the middle area, and the southeast area had the smallest area. The wind erosion area in desert steppe accounted for the largest proportion, with a value of 25.88%, and that in the southern part of the Greater Khingan Mountains was only 3.18%.Intense and extremely intense soil wind erosion was concentrated in the desert steppe and the western part of the Hetao Plain. Intense soil wind erosion was mainly distributed in the Kubuqi Desert and Hunshandake Sandy Land. Moderate and mild erosion involved each subregion in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources. There were obvious differences in the changes in the wind erosion area and intensity in each subregion during 2000–2005, 2005–2010, and 2010–2015. Climate change and land-use change had important impacts on soil wind erosion in the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm sources. The variability of the wind erosion modulus and the area affected by climate change was equivalent to the corresponding variability of the year but greater than the influence of land-use change. In addition, the area of wind erosion under land-use change generally decreased, especially from 2010 to 2015, which had a decrease of 4.10%, indicating that the BeijingTianjin sandstorm source control project played an important role. These results provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of the benefits of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project and the optimization of its layout.