文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：元宝枫种子形态特征及萌发规律研究

英文题名：Study on Morphological Characteristics and Germination Rule of Acer truncatum Seeds

作者：杜满义[1,2] 王玥[1,2] 封焕英[1,2] 李潘亭[1,2] 裴顺祥[1,2] 辛学兵[1,2]

第一作者：杜满义

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,北京102300;[2]北京九龙山暖温带森林国家长期科研基地,北京102300

年份：2023

卷号：6

期号：4

起止页码：1-6

中文期刊名：温带林业研究

外文期刊名：Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“元宝枫果用林定向培育关键技术研究”(CAFYBB2020ZB005)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：种子性状;变异系数;异速生长;发芽率

外文关键词：seed traits;coefficient of variation;allometry;germination rate

分类号：S723

摘要：【目的】种子是植物繁衍的重要基础和载体,探究元宝枫种子形态特征和萌发规律,以期揭示元宝枫种子的形态特征及变异,为培育元宝枫优质种苗提供科学依据。【方法】以内蒙古松树山母树林元宝枫种子为研究对象,精确测定其长径、宽径、纵径、形状指数、大小指数、千粒重等形态特征指标,利用标准主轴估计法分析种子形态特征的异速生长关系;并通过培养皿纸上发芽方法进行种子萌发规律研究。【结果】元宝枫种子平均长径为10.20±0.76mm、宽径为6.77±0.40mm、纵径为4.32±0.58mm、形状指数为1.51±0.12、大小指数为69.10±0.51、千粒重为154.02±4.50 g,长径、宽径、长宽比以及大小指数均符合正态分布,种子宽径和纵径变异系数分别为6%和13%,其他性状变异系数均未超出10%。种子长径、宽径和纵径之间均存在显著的异速生长关系,即随着长径的增大宽径相对增长速度下降;随着长径的增大纵径相对增长速度上升;随着宽径的增大纵径的相对增长速度上升,种子长度在种子形态特征中发挥相对主导的作用。元宝枫种子发芽率为90.75%±1.89%,种子发芽势为47.50%±4.80%,发芽指数为18.94±0.78,平均萌发时间为6.11±0.57 d,第3~11天是种子萌发的高峰期,高峰期结束时种子发芽率达到84.75%±0.96%。【结论】元宝枫种子形状近似不规则的扁球型,种子二维角度俯视观察往往是越小越圆,三维角度观察越大越圆润,更趋于“圆球”。种子纵径变异最大,在种子质量分级中可兼顾利用此特性。实际生产中元宝枫种子萌发过程可参考11 d,发芽率可达85%。研究结果可用于指导生产实践,促进元宝枫有性繁殖高质量发展。
【Objective】Seeds are important foundation and carrier for plant reproduction.The morphological characteristics and germination rules of Acer truncatum seeds were explored to reveal the morphological characteristics and variations of Acer truncatum seeds and the germination rules of seeds,which could provide scientific basis for cultivating high-quality Acer truncatum seedlings.【Method】Using the Acer truncatum seeds from seed production stands in the Songshushan Mountain,Inner Mongolia,the morphological characteristics(long diameter,wide diameter,longitudinal diameter,shape index,size index,1000 grain weight,etc.)of seeds were accurately measured.The allometry growth relationship of seed morphological characteristics was also analyzed using the standardized major axis estimation method.The seed germination law was then observed by means of paper germination in petri dish.【Result】The average length diameter of Acer truncatum seeds was 10.20±0.76 mm,the wide diameter was 6.77±0.40 mm,the longitudinal diameter was 4.32±0.58 mm,the shape index was 1.51±0.12,the size index was 69.10±0.51,and the 1000 grain weight was 154.02±4.50 g.The length diameter,width diameter,shape index,and size index all distributed normally.The variation coefficients of width diameter and longitudinal diameter were 6%and 13%,respectively;while the variation coefficients of other traits were lower than 10%.Significant allometry growth relationships were observed among the length,width and longitudinal diameter of seeds.Specifically,the relative growth rate of width and diameter decreased with the increasing length and diameter.The relative growth rate of longitudinal diameter increased with the increasing long diameter.As the width diameter increased,the relative growth rate of the longitudinal diameter increased,and the seed length played a relatively dominant role in the seed morphological characteristics.The seed germination rate of Acer truncatum was 90.75%±1.89%,the seed germination potential was 47.50%±4.80%,the germination index was 18.94±0.78,and the average germination time was 6.11±0.57 days.The peak period of seed germination was 3-11 days,and the seed germination rate reached 84.75%±0.96%at the end of the peak period.【Conclusion】The Acer truncatum seeds is shaped like an irregular flat ball.The smaller the seeds are,the rounder they are when viewed from a two-dimensional perspective.However,the larger the seeds are,the rounder they are when viewed from a three-dimensional perspective.The maximum variation in seed longitudinal diameter can be utilized in seed quality grading.Meanwhile,the germination process of Acer truncatum seeds can refer to 11 days,and the germination rate can reach 85%in actual production.The results can be used to guide production practice and promote the high-quality development of the sexual reproduction of Acer truncatum.