文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：湘西北小流域典型植被恢复群落土壤贮水量与入渗特性

英文题名：Soil Water Holding Capacities and Infiltration Characteristics of Vegetation Restoration Communities in Watershed, Northwest Hunan

作者：漆良华[1] 张旭东[1] 周金星[1] 周小玲[2] 田育新[2] 魏远[1] 吴建平[2] 柯裕洲[1]

第一作者：漆良华

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室;[2]湖南省林业科学研究院

年份：2007

卷号：43

期号：4

起止页码：1-8

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2004】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目"长江中下游低山丘陵生态退化区植被恢复技术试验示范"(2006BAD03A16)

语种：中文

中文关键词：植被恢复群落;土壤贮水量;土壤水分入渗;小流域

外文关键词：vegetation restoration communities; water holding capacity; soil water infiltration; watershed

分类号：S715.3

摘要：对湘西北女儿寨小流域7种典型植被恢复群落土壤贮水量与入渗特征进行研究。结果表明:1)森林群落土壤饱和贮水量与最大吸持贮水量均高于荒草灌丛群落,表明森林植被能较好地改良土壤、提高土壤持水能力;2)通用经验方程对各种植被类型土壤入渗过程的拟合效果最好,Kostiakov方程次之,Horton方程最差;3)毛竹杉木混交林群落土壤初渗率(17·10mm·min-1)和平均入渗率(7·42mm·min-1)最大,杉木人工林稳渗率(11·51mm·min-1)最高,油桐人工林初渗率(4·93mm·min-1)、稳渗率(0·52mm·min-1)和平均入渗率(1·23mm·min-1)均最小;4)坡位对土壤入渗率的影响具有不确定性,杜仲人工林表现为上坡>中坡>下坡,马尾松天然林、润楠次生林及荒草灌丛群落表现出与之相反的规律,以下坡最高,上坡最低,杉木人工林和毛竹杉木混交林则以上坡最高,中坡最低,油桐人工林以中坡最高,上坡最低;5)主成分分析结果表明,土壤水分入渗性能与土壤持水量、土壤孔隙状况密切相关,并受林分结构、植物群落生物量、海拔、坡度及坡位因子的制约,而坡向、草层盖度、土壤密度的作用较小;6)通过双重筛选逐步回归分析,建立土壤初渗率、稳渗率、平均入渗率的主导因子方程。
Soil water holding capacities and infiltration characteristics had been studied in 7 vegetation restoration communities in Ntierzhai watershed in the northwest of Hunan Province in this paper. The results showed： 1 ） Soil saturated water storage and the maximum water holding capacity in capillary porosity in forest communities were higher than that in wasteland-shrub type, proving that forests had relatively ideal functions of meliorating soil properties and enhancing soil water holding capacity. 2） The common experienced infiltration model was the most suitable model for simulating the infiltrating processes in different vegetation communities in this region, followed by Kostiakov equation, and the Horton equation was the most unsuitable model. 3） The initial and mean infiltration rates of Phyllostachys edulis-Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forests were the highest, which were 17.10 and 7.42 mm· min^-1 respectively, and C. lanceolata plantations had the highest stable infiltration rate （11.51 mm· min^-1） However, Vernicia fordii plantations had the lowest initial infiltration rate （4.93 mm· min^-1）, stable infiltration rate （0.52 mm· min^-1） and mean infiltration rate （1.23 mm· min^-1）. 4） The influence of slope position on the infiltration raie had no obvious regularity; there was the regularity of upslope 〉 middle slope 〉 down slope in Eucommia ulmoides plantations; however, there existed a contrary tendency in Pinus massoniana natural forests, Machilus pingii secondary forests and wastelandshrub community, that is, the highest was observed in down slope and the lowest in upslope. For C. lanceolata plantations and P. edulis-C, lanceolata mixed forests the highest infiltration rate was observed in upslope and the lowest in middle slope; and in V. fordil plantations the highest in middle slope and the lowest in upslope. 5） According to principal component analysis, the closely relative factors to soil water infiltration properties were picked out, which included soil water holding capacity, porosity, forestry structure, vegetation biomass, elevation, slope degree and slope position, and slope exposure, herbaceous layer coverage ratio and soil density had little bearing on the infiltration. 6） Through double sieving stepwise regression analysis, the driven factor equations of initial infiltration rate, stable infiltration rate and mean infiltration rate had been established.