文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：气候变化背景下秦岭地区羚牛生境脆弱性评估及适应性保护对策

英文题名：Assessing vulnerability of suitable golden takins(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi)habitat and adaptive conservation strategies to climate change in Qinling Mountains,China

作者：李佳[1] 薛亚东[2] 吴波[1] 李迪强[2]

第一作者：李佳

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所/国家林业和草原局生物多样性保护重点实验室,北京100091

年份：2022

卷号：42

期号：18

起止页码：7484-7494

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC09B02);自然保护区生物标本资源共享子平台项目(2005DKA21404)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：濒危物种;气候庇护所;适宜生境;生态廊道;自然保护区

外文关键词：endangered species;climatic refuge;suitable habitat;habitat corridor;nature reserve

分类号：Q958

摘要：脆弱性是指物种受气候变化影响的程度,开展脆弱性评估工作有助于人类认识气候变化对野生动物的影响,为制定野生动物适应气候变化的保护对策提供科学依据。采用最大熵模型评估气候变化背景下秦岭地区羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi)生境脆弱性。结果表明:(1)当前秦岭地区羚牛适宜生境总面积为6473 km^(2),到2050s年,预测秦岭地区羚牛适宜生境总面积为4217 km^(2),减少34.85%,羚牛适宜生境将向更高海拔地区转移,转移约210 m;(2)已建保护区覆盖49.82%当前羚牛适宜生境,尚有3248 km^(2)的适宜生境处于保护区之外;到2050s年,保护区覆盖了43.87%适宜生境,尚有2367 km^(2)的适宜生境未被保护;(3)到2050s年,当前分布在太白县、佛坪县、洋县和宁陕县等地区的3490 km^(2)羚牛适宜生境将会成为生境脆弱区域,丧失53.92%;(4)分布在秦岭核心区域的2983 km^(2)当前和2050s年保持不变适宜生境,将成为羚牛躲避气候变化的庇护所。基于研究结果,就未来羚牛应对气候变化的适应性保护对策提出以下几点建议:考虑将当前羚牛适宜生境纳入国家公园范围、构建适应性生态廊道、加强野生动物监测。
The Qinling Mountains is considered as a natural boundary separating temperate and subtropical zones.The mountain rises to over 3,000 m,with a more gradual gradient on the south slopes;however,its north slopes are steep.It is typically warmer and moister in the south slopes than in the north,and climatic conditions are largely dependent on elevation.Takins(Budorcas taxicolor)are gregarious bovid herbivores comprised of four subspecies that reside in steep and dense montane regions of central and southeastern China,with two of the four subspecies extending into Bhutan,northeast India and northern Myanmar.All four subspecies are listed as Class I state key protected wild animals in China due to their limited geographic range,over-hunting,deforestation,and habitat loss.An isolated subspecies of takins,golden takins(B.t.bedfordi)reside the Qinling Mountains.The area serves as the northern most range of the species,with approximately 5000 individuals present in total.Over the past few decades,the Chinese government has implemented numerous conservation programs to protect and improve habitats for takins,such as establishment of reserves,the Grain-to-Green program and the Natural Forest Conservation Program.At present,most pre-existing key threats and limiting factors for the species have been mitigated,and populations are now beginning to increase.However,climate change threatens endangered species and challenges current conservation strategies.Effective conservation requires vulnerability assessments for species susceptible to climate change and adaptive strategies to mitigate threats associated with climate.In this paper,we used the maximum entropy algorithm(MaxEnt model)to assess the vulnerability of suitable golden takin habitat in the Qinling Mountains of China,under a mild climate change scenario.Our results showed that:(1)the area of suitable golden takin habitat was 6473 km^(2)under current conditions and 4217 km^(2)under the 2050 s climatic scenario,with a mean upward shift in elevation of 210 m;(2)the established nature reserves protect 49.82%of current suitable habitat,and 43.87%of future suitable habitat;(3)3490 km^(2)of current suitable habitat was predicted to be vulnerable to future climate change;(4)climate refuge areas amounted to 2983 km^(2)and were mainly located in the core area of Qinling Mountains.Given these results,we proposed conservation implications to mitigate the impacts of climate change on golden takin,including intergrating the suitable habitat into the planning of a proposed national park,constructing adaptive habitat corridors,and conducting long-term monitoring.