文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：白皮松天然林更新与种群结构分析

英文题名：Regeneration and population structure of natural Pinus bungeana forest

作者：岳华峰[1] 吴晗彬[1,2] 樊巍[3] 郑勇奇[4] 赵罕[1] 杨绍彬[1]

第一作者：岳华峰

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所,河南郑州450003;[2]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025;[3]河南省林业科学研究院,河南郑州450003;[4]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

年份：2023

卷号：43

期号：3

起止页码：99-106

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：河南省重大科技专项项目“黄河流域高效稳定人工林培育关键技术研究”(201300111400)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：白皮松;天然更新;种群结构;径级;静态生命表;存活曲线

外文关键词：Pinus bungeana;natural regeneration;population structure;diameter class;static life table;survival curve

分类号：S791.243

摘要：【目的】为了解白皮松野生资源的生长及更新状况,对白皮松主要分布区的11个天然林进行调查,并对其生境特征进行研究,分析了不同区域内白皮松群体的更新及种群结构。【方法】主要采取样地和样线法对白皮松原生群落天然更新进行野外调查。依据文献及白皮松生长状况特点,将白皮松更新幼苗分为两类,树高<0.5 m为Ⅰ级更新苗,0.5<树高<1.5 m的为Ⅱ级更新苗。主要调查3个部分:乔木层郁闭度及树种组成,灌木层与草本层的高度和盖度,样地生境因子等。【结果】吕梁山、中条山、太行山及秦岭西侧的白皮松种群更新能力较强;而大巴山区的南漳、远安、丹江口等种群更新能力较弱;子代苗不足是大多数白皮松群体更新能力不足的关键问题。白皮松种群龄级特征在不同区域不完全相同,同一地点种群年龄结构也存在较大差异。大巴山地区白皮松种群龄级较大,Ⅲ~Ⅳ龄级的个体数量较多,变化较大。中条山、太行山和吕梁山分布区的白皮松群体龄级相对较小,以Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级为主,种群目前处于稳定阶段。秦岭东西两侧种群年龄结构主要分布在Ⅰ~Ⅵ龄级间,龄级差异较大,多数种群缺少Ⅰ级龄级的更新幼苗。【结论】白皮松在多数群体中均缺乏更新幼苗,幼苗更新基本上处于停滞的阶段,并且群体之间差异较大。白皮松胸径幼期生长速率低于一般松属树种,进入中龄期后其生长能长时间维持较高水平。从各地的生长状况来看,康县、蒲县白皮松生长及更新均较好,比较适应当地的气候和环境条件;蓝田、翼城群体生长较好,但是林分结构和更新状况并不理想;陵川、洛宁群体总体呈稳定状况;丹江口、南漳、远安、西乡群体径级波动较大,总体呈现衰退趋势。
【Objective】To understand the growth and natural regeneration of the wild resources of Pinus bungeana,11 natural distribution areas of Pinus bungeana and their habitat characteristics were investigated,and the renewal and population structure of Pinus bungeana in different areas were analyzed.【Method】The natural regeneration of native Pinus bungeana communities was investigated by using plot and line transmutation.According to the literature and the growth characteristics of Pinus bungeana,the regenerated seedlings of Pinus bungeana were divided into two groups:the grade I seedlings with tree height shorter than 0.5 m and the grade II seedlings with tree height ranging from 0.5 m to 1.5 m.Three parts were investigated:the canopy density and species composition of tree layers,the height and coverage of shrub layers and herbaceous layers,and the habitat factors of the sample plot,etc.【Result】The regeneration rate of Pinus bungeana in Lvliang,Zhongtiao,and Taihang mountains,and the west of Qinling mountains was relatively high,which was relatively low in Nanzhang,Yuan’an,and Danjiang in the Daba mountains.Insufficient seedlings strongly restricted the regeneration rate of Pinus bungeana populations.The age structure of Pinus bungeana from different locations showed significant differences,and a significant difference was also found among the age structures of Pinus bungeana from the same location.In the areas of the Daba mountains,most Pinus bungeana individuals were old,and the number of individuals in theⅢ-Ⅳage class was large and varied greatly.The Pinus bungeana seedlings in Zhongtiao,Taihang,and Lvliang mountains were relatively young,mainly belonged to the Ⅰ-Ⅲ age class, and the population was temporarily stable. The age structure of populations on the east and west sides of the Qinling mountains was mainly distributed in age class I-VI. There was a great difference in age class, and most populations lacked the regeneration seedlings of the age class I.【Conclusion】There is a lack of regenerated seedlings in most populations of Pinus bungeana, the regeneration of seedlings is at a stagnating stage, and there is a great difference in the regeneration ability among populations. The growth rate of diameter at the breast height of Pinus bungeana is lower than that of other pine species, and its growth rate could maintain at a high level for a long time after middle age. In terms of the growth status of Pinus bungeana from different regions, the growth and regeneration abilities of Pinus bungeana in Kangxian and Puxian counties are relatively better, and they are more adapted to the local climate and environmental conditions. The Pinus bungeana populations in Lantian and Yicheng counties grow well, while their age structure and renewal status are not satisfactory. Most populations in Lingchuan and Luoning counties are stable. The diameter class of Pinus bungeana populations in Danjiang, Nanzhang, Yuan’an and Xixiang counties fluctuates significantly, showing a general trend of decline.