文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：退化湿地近自然恢复的“生态杠杆”理论

英文题名：The“Leverage points”theory in nature-based wetland restoration

作者：崔丽娟[1,2] 王汝苗[1,2] 徐驰[3] 李晶[1,2] 贺强[4] 张曼胤[1,2] 李伟[1,2] 崔保山[5] 白军红[5] 刘晨曦[1,2]

机构：[1]湿地环境保护与生态修复全国重点实验室,湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[3]南京大学生命科学学院,南京210023;[4]复旦大学生命科学学院,上海200438;[5]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

年份：2025

卷号：55

期号：9

起止页码：1877-1886

中文期刊名：中国科学:生命科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFF1301000)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：湿地恢复;生态杠杆;稳态转换;空间自组织

外文关键词：wetland restoration;Leverage points;regime shift;spatial self-organization

分类号：X171.4

摘要：针对受损湿地困于退化稳态难以实现近自然恢复的挑战,本文针对“生态杠杆”理论框架及其应用进行探讨.本文首先阐述稳态转换理论和自组织理论等描述生态系统稳态转换过程的相关动力学机理,以及自组织和反馈机制是激活生态系统自我修复的一般性驱动机制.在此基础上整合相关理论与实证研究进展,通过综合与拓展提出湿地生态修复的“生态杠杆”理论,即通过首先建立小面积的湿地单元,进而利用生物种群增长、空间扩散、营养级联、生物地貌反馈等核心生态过程,实现整体生态系统的全面恢复.该理论基于湿地生态系统的动力学特征与动态规律,整合生态系统复杂性理论,聚焦恢复支点的识别、自组织过程的激活以及恢复的机会窗口,为退化湿地近自然恢复提供经济高效的新视角和方法论.
To address the challenge of nature-based restoration of degraded wetlands locked in a stable degraded state,this review explores the“Leverage points”theoretical framework and its applications.It first discusses the importance of regime shifts and spatial self-organization as crucial foundations for transitioning wetlands from a degraded state to a healthy one,and how self-organization and feedback mechanisms act as primary forces driving self-repair in wetlands.For wetlands that have lost their natural recovery capacity,this paper introduces the“Leverage points”theory,which posits that initiating restoration through the establishment of small wetland units and harnessing key ecological processes,such as population growth,spatial diffusion,and biogeomorphological feedback,can lead to large-scale ecosystem recovery.Rooted in the dynamic complexity of wetland ecosystems,this theory focuses on identifying leverage points,activating self-organization processes,and seizing windows of opportunity for restoration.It provides a cost-effective framework and novel perspective for the nature-based restoration of degraded wetlands.