文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：南岭常绿阔叶林林冠受损对穿透雨和树干流水化学的影响

英文题名：Effects of Canopy Damage on Hydrochemistry of Throughfall and Stemflow in Evergreen Broadleaved Forest of Nanling Mountains

作者：李力[1,2] 刘立强[1,2] 周光益[2] 邱治军[2] 赵厚本[2]

第一作者：李力

机构：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院;[2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所

年份：2014

卷号：28

期号：2

起止页码：45-50

中文期刊名：水土保持学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSCD:【CSCD2013_2014】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170418);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(RITFYWZX2011-12;RITFYWZX2012-01;CAFYBB2011004-04)

语种：中文

中文关键词：林冠受损;穿透雨;树干流;水质;常绿阔叶林;化学淋溶

外文关键词：canopy damaged; throughfall ; stemflow; water quality ; evergreen broad-leaved forests ; chemicalleaching

分类号：S715.2

摘要：通过模拟林冠受损实验,对23次降水过程的林外降雨、穿透雨和树干流水化学进行测定,分析林冠受损对南岭常绿阔叶林生长季节的树干流和穿透雨水质及其冠层淋溶规律的影响。结果表明:(1)在研究区域的生长季节,雨水pH平均为6.521,含盐量、NO-3、NH+4、Cl-、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、SO2-4浓度分别为22.000,1.045,0.684,0.456,1.256,7.908,0.113,0.419,2.329mg/L。(2)林冠受损之后,与对照林地相比,穿透雨中绝大多数的离子浓度发生了明显的变化,冠层化学淋溶作用显著减弱;受损林分穿透雨的含盐量、NO-3、NH+4、Cl-、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、SO2-4的含量分别是未受损穿透雨各离子含量的0.947,2.587,1.022,1.388,0.501,0.925,0.796,0.528,0.754倍;受损林分穿透雨中各离子浓度增幅按大小排列为K+>NO-3>Cl->SO2-4>Ca2+>Na+>Mg2+>NH+4,而对照林地为K+>SO2-4>Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+>Cl->NH+4>NO-3。表明林冠受损之后,穿透雨中除K+之外,其余离子增幅顺序均有所变化。(3)林冠受损后,树干流中各阳离子浓度与未受损林分相比呈现明显增加趋势,说明林冠受损增强了雨水对树干的冲刷和阳离子淋洗能力,有利于林木对此类养分的吸收;与未受损林分相比,受损林分树干流中各离子浓度的增幅按大小排列为:K+>Ca2+>Na+>SO2-4>Mg2+>NH+4>NO-3>Cl-。(4)从养分的冠层淋溶系数来看,无论是受损林分还是未受损林分,K+、Mg2+是最易淋溶的离子,而NO-3在未受损林分中出现负淋溶,这进一步证实了前人的研究结论;而林冠受损对及其冠层淋溶的长期影响尚需进一步监测。
Based on the experiment of forest canopy damage simulation, and the measurement and hydrochem- istry determinng of rainfall, throughfall and stemflow from 23 rain events during February to July of 2013, the effects of canopy damage on the water quality of stemflow, throughfall and on the canopy nutrients＇ leac- hing during growing season in evergreen broadleaved forest of Nanling Mountains were studied. The results showed that： （1）Mean pH value of rainwater was 6. 521 during the growing season in the region, and salini- ty, NO3-- , NH4＋ , CI- , Na＋ , Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ , K＋ and SO24- in rainwater were 22. 000, 1. 045, 0. 684, 0. 456, 1. 256, 7. 908, 0. 113, 0. 419, 2. 329 mg/L respectively. There existed negative relation between rainfall and ions＇ concentration. （2）Compared with the control plot, the majority of ionic concentration of the through- fall changed evidently when forest canopy damaged. The canopy leaching weakened remarkably. The con- tents of salinity, NO3-, NH＋ , CI- , Na＋ , Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ , K＋ and SO4z- in throughfall water of the damaged forest were 0. 947, 2. 587, 1. 022, 1. 388, 0. 501, 0. 925, 0. 796, 0. 528, 0. 754 times respectively as that of the undamaged forest. The order of ionic concentration of throughfall in the damaged plot arranged as K＋〉 NO3- 〉Cl- 〉SO4^2- 〉Ca2＋ 〉Na＋ 〉Mg2＋ 〉NH＋ by amplification size, when those in the undamaged plot arranged as K＋ 〉SO~ 〉Na＋ ~〉Ca2＋ 〉Mg2＋ ~C1-）NH~ 〉N（）~. It was showed that the increasing order of the ions except K＋ all changed after forest canopy damaged. （3）The cations＇ concentration of the stemflow had an obvious increase trend after the canopy damaged. It suggested that the canopy damage was benefit to the nutrients trunk-washing and then to the nutrient absorption by trees. The rank of ionic concentration in crement in stemflow arranged as K＋ 〉Ca2＋ 〉Na＋ 〉SO3^2- 〉Mg2＋ 〉NH- 〉NO〉Cl-. （4）The coefficient of the canopy leaching showed that K＋ and Mg2＋ leached easily in both the damaged and undamaged plots, while NOa was negative leaching in the undamaged plot. This confirmed with formers＇result. The continu- ous influnces of the canopy damaged on the canopy leaching needed to be further researched.