文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：‘次郎’甜柿土壤养分、叶片养分与果实品质的多元分析及优化方案

英文题名：Multivariate Analysis and Optimum Proposals of Soil Nutrient and Leaf Nutrient with Fruit Qualities in ‘Jiro’ Persimmon Orchard

作者：刘同祥[1] 龚榜初[1] 徐阳[1] 邱有尚[2] 周志斌[2] 丁榆[2] 周顺元[3]

第一作者：刘同祥

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室,浙江杭州311400;[2]云南省保山市隆阳区果树蔬菜技术推广站,云南保山678000;[3]浙江省兰溪市林业科学研究所,浙江兰溪321100

年份：2017

卷号：30

期号：5

起止页码：812-822

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题“涩柿和甜柿高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2013BAD14B05);浙江省农业(果品)新品种选育重大科技专项“柿枣新品种选育”(2016C02052-10)

语种：中文

中文关键词：甜柿;土壤养分;叶片养分;果实品质;多元分析;优化方案

外文关键词：persimmon ; soil nutrient content ; leaf nutrient content ; fruit qualities ; multivariate analysis ; optimum proposal

分类号：S665.2

摘要：[目的]研究‘次郎’甜柿土壤养分、叶片养分与果实品质的关系,探讨优质‘次郎’甜柿土壤养分、叶片养分适宜方案,为果园优质高效栽培、改善果品品质提供科学依据和技术方案。[方法]运用典型相关分析、多元回归分析、线性规划等方法对云南省保山市隆阳区‘次郎’甜柿园土壤养分、叶片养分和果实品质进行综合分析。[结果]‘次郎’甜柿果实品质是土壤、叶片中各种矿质营养元素综合作用的结果,其中,对单果质量影响较大的因子为叶片全磷、全钾、全镁及土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效铁,果实硬度主要受叶片全磷、全钾、全钙、全镁、全铜的影响,而土壤有机质对所有果实品质指标均有促进作用。总体上,所调查‘次郎’甜柿园土壤养分含量较为充足,叶片养分含量偏低。[结论]当地甜柿园土壤养分的优化方案为:有机质60.00 g·kg^(-1),全氮2.50 g·kg^(-1),碱解氮40.58 200.00 mg·kg^(-1),有效磷17.95 80.00 mg·kg^(-1),速效钾35.00 448.17 mg·kg^(-1),交换性钙2.5311.00 g·kg^(-1),交换性镁150.10 1 000.00 mg·kg^(-1),有效铁107.56 300.00 mg·kg^(-1),有效锰100.20450.00 mg·kg^(-1)。叶片养分的优化方案为:全氮15.00 20.22 g·kg^(-1),全磷1.09 2.00 g·kg^(-1),全钾15.9330.00 g·kg^(-1),全钙10.00 40.00 g·kg^(-1),全镁2.00 9.70 g·kg^(-1),全铁0.05 0.20 g·kg^(-1),全锰0.501.50 g·kg^(-1),全铜1.00 mg·kg^(-1),全锌5.00 60.00 mg·kg^(-1)。与理论值相比,当地甜柿园应适时增施有机肥,适当减少氮肥施用,增施磷、钾肥,注重大量肥料与各种微量肥料配合施用。
[ Objective ] The objective of the experiment is to provide theoretical support and obtain a technical proposal for improving the fruit quality and high-efficient cultivation, the influence of soil nutrients and leaf nutrients on fruit quality and optimum quantity of soll and leaf nutrient elements for good fruit qualities of ＇ Jiro＇ were studied.[ Method ] The soil nutrient contents, leaf nutrient contents and fruit qualities of ＇ Jiro＇ orchards in Longyang Dis- trict, Baoshan City were investigated, the methods of canonical correlation analysis and linear program and multiva- riate linear regression were used to screen the major soil nutrient factors and leaf nutrient factors affecting fruit quali- ties. The ahernative optimum proposals of soil nutrients and leaf nutrients for good fruit qualities were obtained. [ Result ] The quality of ＇ Jiro＇ persimmon fruit is comprehensive affected by various mineral elements of soil and leaves. The total phosphorus, total potassium and total magnesium content of leaf, organic matter, total nitrogen, a- vailable phosphorus, available potassium and available iron of soil are the major factors affecting fruit weight. The hardness of fruit is mainly affected by total phosphorus, total potassium, total calcium, total magnesium and total copper in leaf. And Soil organic matters have positive effects on all fruit quality indexes. Moreover, the results indi- cate that there is sufficient soil nutrient content but lower leaf nutrient content in ＇ Jiro＇ orchards of Baoshan City. [ Conclusion ] The optimum proposal of soil nutrient elements content for ＇ Jiro＇ is 60 g· kg-1 of organic matter, 2.5 g· kg-1 of total N, 40.58 ,---200 mg· kg-1 of alkaline N, and 17.95 -80 mg . kg-1, 35 -448.17 mg· kg-1, 107.56--1300 mg· kg-1, 100.2 -450 mg· kg-1 of available P, K, Fe, Mn, 2.53 -11 g· kg-1, 150. 1 1 000 mg· kg-1 of exchangeable Ca, Mg. The optimum proposal of leaf nutrient elements content for ＇Jiro＇ is 15-20.22 g· kg-1, 1.09,--,2 g· kg-1, 15.93-30 g· kg-1, 10-40 g· kg-1, 2-,9.7 g· kg-1, 0.05 0.2g·kg-1, 0.495-1.5 g· kg-1, lmg. kg-1, 5-60mg· kg-1 of totalN, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn. Compared with the theoretical value, the local persimmon orchard should be appropriate to increase application of organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potash fertilizer, reduce application of nitrogen fertilizer, optimize the application proportion of microelement fertilizer.