文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：尾叶桉与巨桉杂种F1代生长性状遗传分析

英文题名：Genetic Parameters for Growth Traits in Eucalyptus urophylla×E. grandis F1 Hybrids

作者：沈乐[1] 徐建民[1] 李光友[1] 陆钊华[1] 杨雪艳[1] 朱映安[1] 胡杨[2] 宋佩宁[1] 郭文仲[1]

第一作者：沈乐

通信作者：Xu, Jianmin

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所热带林业研究国家林业和草原局重点实验室,广州510520;[2]广东省江门市新会区林业科学研究所,江门529100

年份：2019

卷号：55

期号：7

起止页码：68-76

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20194307574742);Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-85073679073);北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家“十三五”行业重大专项“桉树纸浆材定向培育技术研究”项目(2016YFD0600503);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项“桉树速生抗风、耐寒优良品种选育研究”(CAFYBB2017ZA001-5);“热带及南亚热带人工林树种良种选育研究”(CAFYBB2018SZ002)

语种：中文

中文关键词：尾叶桉×巨桉;析因交配;遗传参数;亲本选配;生长性状

外文关键词：Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis;factorial mating design;genetic parameters;parental selection;growth traits

分类号：S722.34

摘要：【目的】测定尾叶桉与巨桉杂种F 1多年度的生长性状,估算其遗传参数,开展优良杂交组合及杂种优良单株选择,为桉树亲本选配和杂种应用提供科学依据。【方法】以尾叶桉与巨桉6×6析因交配F 1代杂种为材料,应用ASReml-R软件估算1、2、4.5、8.3和10.3年生时生长性状的遗传力、显性效应、加性效应、亲本效应和配合力等遗传参数;计算每个杂交组合单株材积的平均值,以所有组合的平均值+标准差为标准进行优良杂交组合选择;基于所有单株的材积,采用平均值+2倍标准差(标准Ⅰ)和平均值+3倍标准差(标准Ⅱ)2个标准进行杂种优良单株选择。【结果】尾巨桉F 1代杂种在各年龄时的生长表现均优于对照尾叶桉亲本自由授粉子代。每个年份树高、胸径和单株材积在组合间均存在极显著( P <0.01)或显著( P <0.05)差异,在区组间差异不显著。1年生和2年生时杂种各生长性状的母本加性方差分量低于父本加性方差分量, 4.5年生时父、母本加性方差分量较为接近,8.3和10.3年生时母本加性方差分量则高于父本加性方差分量。随年龄的增长,杂种的树高和胸径单株遗传力呈现由中度至低度遗传控制的变化趋势,杂种家系遗传力呈现高—中—低度遗传控制的趋势,且杂种家系遗传力大于单株遗传力。显性方差与加性方差的比值则随年龄的增长呈递增趋势。年-年和性状-性状双变量遗传、表型呈显著或极显著正相关。4.5年生时,母本U21及父本G8的一般杂交力(GHA)最高,U21×G5组合的特殊杂交力(SHA)最高;8.3年生时,母本U21及父本G19的GHA最高,U2×G19的SHA最高。【结论】尾巨桉F 1杂种1~2年生时父本效应大于母本效应,且加性效应大于显性效应,4.5年生时父、母本效应对杂种生长的贡献率相当,8.3~10.3年生时杂种的母本效应大于父本效应,且显性效应大于加性效应。同时评选出7个优良杂种,筛选出1个优良母本和2个优良父本,并依据标准Ⅰ、Ⅱ分别选出40株和16株优树,为今后大规模人工制种及推广应用提供可靠的亲本材料和优良无性系。
【Objective】 Multiple-year growth traits of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis F 1 hybrids were investigated, their genetic parameters were estimated, and superior hybrids and plus trees were selected aiming to provide a scientific basis for selection of mating parents and their hybrids.【Method】 The F 1 hybrids of E. urophylla×E. grandis from factorial mating system were studied using the open-pollinated progenies of E. urophylla as controls. ASReml-R software was applied to assess heritability, dominance effect,additive effect, parental effect and combining abilities of growth traits when 1, 2, 4.5, 8.3 and 10.3 years old. Mean single-tree volume was calculated for each hybrid combination, and superior combinations were determined as those with volume above mean+standard deviation of all combinations. Selection of plus trees was conducted with two standards, I: mean + two times standard deviation, and II: mean + three times standard deviation.【Result】 Growth performance of hybrids was obviously better than that of open-pollinated maternal off-springs at each age. Tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and individual volume at each age were significantly ( P <0.05 or P <0.01) different among hybrid combinations, while no significant difference was observed among blocks. Maternal variance component of each growth trait was lower than paternal variance component when one or two years old, they were equivalent to each other when 4.5 years old, while maternal variance component was higher than paternal variance component when 8.3 or 10.3 years old. With age increase, single-tree heritability ( h 2) generally tended to vary from middle to low, family heritability ( h 2 F) from high to middle to low, while additive-to-dominance variance ratio (σ 2 D/σ 2 A) increased for tree height and DBH. Year-year and trait-trait genetic and phenotypic correlations were significant among hybrids. The general hybridizing abilities (GHA) of U21 and G8 were the highest among maternal and paternal parents, respectively, and the specific hybridizing ability (SHA) of U21×G5 was the highest among all cross combinations when 4.5 years old. When 8.3 years old, GHA of U21 and G19 were the highest, and SHA of U2×G19 was the highest.【Conclusion】 Maternal and dominance effect of each growth trait was lower than paternal and additive effect when one or two years old, respectively,maternal and paternal effect were equivalent to each other when 4.5 years old, while maternal and dominance effect was higher than paternal and additive effect when 8.3 or 10.3 years old. A total of 7 superior cross combinations, one superior maternal parent and two paternal parents were selected, and 40 and 16 elite individuals were determined according to Standards I and II, respectively. The findings can provide reliable parent materials for a large number of artificial seed production and clones for eucalypt extension in the future.