文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：海南岛尖峰岭林区近50年的热量因子变化特征

英文题名：Change Characteristics of the Heat Factors in Tropical Forests in Jianfengling, Hainan Island during the Past 50 Years

作者：周璋[1] 林明献[1] 李意德[1] 陈德祥[1] 骆土寿[1] 许涵[1]

第一作者：周璋

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所//海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站

年份：2015

卷号：24

期号：4

起止页码：575-582

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家生态系统观测研究网络运行服务(2014-2015);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404201);国家林业科技创新平台运行补助(2014)

语种：中文

中文关键词：热带森林;尖峰岭;气温;地温;气候趋势

外文关键词：tropical forests;Jianfengling;air temperature;ground temperature;climatic variation tendency

分类号：X16;S716

摘要：全球气候变暖已得到充分证实。区域气候条件的变化必然影响该区域植物的生理活动,进而影响该区域植被的结构和功能。尖峰岭热带森林作为中国典型的热带森林生态系统之一,其长期的气候变化特征在评价森林对全球气候变化的响应与反馈中具有重要意义。采用国家野外科学观测研究站尖峰气象观测场1957─2005年的地面常规气象观测资料,选用气候趋势系数和气候倾向率定量分析了尖峰岭林区热量条件的变化特征,讨论热量条件的变化对主要热带森林植物的影响。结果表明,尖峰岭林区50年的多年平均气温和平均地温分别为24.7和29.0℃。50年来,林区热因子(平均温度和极端温度)均呈上升趋势,其中平均气温、平均最高地温、平均最低地温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温、极端最高地温升高趋势都显著(P<0.05),每10年分别增加0.17、0.29、0.35、0.30、0.53、1.93℃,尖峰岭热带林区气候变暖来自于最低气温和最高地温升高的贡献。1、2、8、10和11月的平均气温升高趋势显著(P<0.05),每10年分别增加0.27、0.28、0.14、0.12、0.24℃;1、2、3月的平均地温升高趋势显著(P<0.05),每10年分别增加0.47、0.82、4.56℃,旱季对年平均气温和地温的增温贡献值大于雨季。尖峰岭地处热带北缘,其有效积温远低于赤道地区,因此,变暖的气候条件将通过改变尖峰岭热带森林植物的物候期而影响其生长与繁殖。
Global climate warming has been confirmed, and region climate change would impact on the physiological activities of plants, and then have an influence on the structure and functions of vegetation. Tropical forests in Jianfengling, Hainan Island is one of the typical tropical forest ecosystems. Its long term climatic dynamics is important to assess the response and adaption of forest to global change. Long-term data （1957─2005） of air temperature and soil surface temperature in Jianfengling tropical forest area were used to analyze the inter-annual trends of heat condition and discuss the influences on the tropical plants. The results showed that, annual mean air/ground temperature during past 50 years was 24.7and 29.0 ℃. Annual mean air/ground temperature, annual mean maximum and minimum air/ground temperature, annual extreme maximum and minimum air/ground temperature, and annual accumulated temperature have been rising in the past 50 years over the Jianfengling forest. Annual mean air, annual mean maximum/minimum air temperature, extreme maximum/minimum air temperature and extreme maximum ground temperature increased significantly, having a increase of 0.17, 0.29, 0.35, 0.30, 0.53, 1.93℃ per 10 year .These facts indicate that the change of the minimum temperature is more sensitive than that of the maximum temperature. Monthly mean air temperature in January, February, August, October and November increased significantly, having a increase of 0.27, 0.28, 0.14, 0.12, 0.24℃ per 10 year. Monthly mean ground temperature in January, February and March increased significantly, having a increase of 0.47, 0.82, 4.56℃ per 10 year. It is concluded that the main contributor of climate warming in Jianfengling tropical rainforest is the rising of the minimum air temperature and maximum ground temperature. The rising temperature in dry seasons made a greater contribution to the increase of air temperature and ground temperature. As Jianfengling is located in the north verge of tropical region, its rising temperature will benefit the tropical plants living there.