文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中华蜜蜂在滇山茶上的访花行为研究

英文题名：Flower-visiting behavior of Apis cerana on Camellia reticulata

作者：邱建生[1] 张念念[1] 刘童童[1] 田茂娟[1] 谢正华[2] 陈晓鸣[2]

第一作者：邱建生

机构：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550011;[2]中国林科院资源昆虫研究所 国家林业局资源昆虫培育与利用重点实验室,云南昆明650224

年份：2018

卷号：40

期号：1

起止页码：52-56

中文期刊名：生物资源

外文期刊名：Biotic Resources

收录：CSTPCD

基金：贵州省科技重大专项,贵州油茶产业化关键技术研究与示范,黔科合重大专项字【2009】6004;贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划“百层次人才”项目,黔科合平台人才[2016]5669

语种：中文

中文关键词：中华蜜蜂;传粉;访花;滇山茶

外文关键词：Apis cerana; pollination; visiting flower ; Camellia reticulata

分类号：Q969.97

摘要：对中华蜜蜂在滇山茶上的访花行为的研究表明,中华蜜蜂全天在滇山茶上的访花过程呈现出单峰型的节律,高峰在13：00~14：00。在31朵观察的样花上,中华蜜蜂全天共到访613次,访花627次,对花的连续访问率为2.23%,每朵花平均被访20.23次,每次到访花停留时间均值为10.23s,全天在样花上总的累计停留时间为6 270s,单花累计访问时间达到202.26s。蜜蜂全天访花累计时间占全部访花昆虫总访花的累计停留时间的比例达到97.80%。在滇山茶访花昆虫中,中华蜜蜂具有明显的优势度,是绝对的优势种。对滇山茶花蜜的研究表明,其单花1天的花蜜分泌量平均为69.5μL（n=100）;花蜜含糖量（124.95~200.64）mg/mL。花蜜成分以多糖为主,占66%以上,此外还含有单糖,占1.9%~33%,其他未知名的组分占16%~22%,部分花蜜中含有山梨醇,占11%。对滇山茶花的挥发物分析结果表明,总的挥发物有59种,萜烯类、酯类和醇类是滇山茶花的主要挥发物成分,分别占46.468%、27.035%和21.609%。
This research focused on the flower-visiting behavior of Apis ceranaon Camellia reticulata.The results showed that the visiting behavior rhythm was detected as peaks from 13：00 to 14：00,honeybee visiting frequency was613 during the whole day on 31 observed flowers.The number of flower-visiting was 627,the continuous visiting proportion was 2.23%,the average visiting number of each flower was 20.23,the staying time on flower was 10.23 seconds per visit,the accumulated staying time was 6 270 seconds during the whole day and the accumulated staying time of each flower was 202.26 seconds.Apis cerana has been considered to be the dominant pollinating insects of Camellia reticulata,because of its absolute advantage on accumulated staying time compared with other pollinating insects.Honey yield per flower was 69.5μL every day,sugar content of nectar was from 124.95 to 200.64 mg/mL on everage.Nectar contained polysaccharide（66%）,monosaccharide（1.9% to 33%）,unknown components（16% to22%）,and sorbitol（11%）.Camellia reticulata contained 59 volatile components in total,and most notably terpene（46.47%）,esters（27.04%）,and alcohol（21.61%）.