文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：林下植被对西南桦人工林拟木蠹蛾为害的影响

英文题名：Effects of understory vegetation on the trunk borer(Arbela spp.)attack in Betula alnoides plantations

作者：刀保辉[1] 王春胜[2] 段桂林[3] 郑用文[3] 杨万柳[4] 杨从发[5] 曾杰[2]

第一作者：刀保辉

机构：[1]德宏州林业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600;[2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520;[3]陇川县林业和草原局,云南陇川678700;[4]德宏州林业和草原局,云南芒市678400;[5]芒市林业和草原局,云南芒市678400

年份：2023

卷号：43

期号：5

起止页码：1-6

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目“西南桦高效培育技术研究”(2016YFD0600604)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：林下植被清除;西南桦;蛀干害虫;林分生长;虫害生态防控

外文关键词：vegetation removal;Betula alnoides plantation;trunk borer;stand growth;ecological pest control

分类号：S753.51

摘要：【目的】拟木蠹蛾是为害西南桦的一种钻蛀类昆虫,其为害是制约西南桦种植业发展的主要因素;探究林下植被管理对西南桦人工林生长及拟木蠹蛾为害的影响,对于西南桦蛀干害虫绿色高效防控及其人工林可持续经营具有重要意义。【方法】以5年生西南桦人工纯林为对象,设置全面清除(T2)、带状清除(T1)和对照(CK)3个处理开展为期3 a的林下植被清除试验,揭示林下植被对林分生长和拟木蠹蛾为害状况的影响。【结果】试验期间,3个处理间西南桦胸径、树高、枝下高、冠幅的年增长量差异均不显著(P≥0.05),仅T2处理在整个试验期内的胸径累积增长量显著高于T1和CK处理(P <0.05);期间西南桦胸径、树高、枝下高、冠幅年均生长量分别为0.85~1.41 cm、0.86~1.72 m、0.78~1.58 m和0.20~0.35 m。西南桦林分内拟木蠹蛾为害程度在各处理间存在显著差异,而且随着林下植被清除强度的增大而加剧;试验第1年,T2处理的西南桦林分有虫株率和单株虫口密度分别为17.04%和1.70个,是对照的3.63倍和1.45倍;连续处理2 a后,T2处理的西南桦林分有虫株率和单株虫口密度分别为44.12%和1.81个,是对照的4.09倍和1.60倍;而试验进行的第3年,所有处理的拟木蠹蛾为害程度均极低,有虫株率仅为0.66%~1.52%。【结论】林下植被显著影响西南桦人工林拟木蠹蛾为害程度,建议西南桦林分抚育时尽量保留林下植被,仅清除恶性杂灌和藤本植物,不仅可以节省经营成本,提升木材质量,而且能够改善林分健康状况,提升林分稳定性。
【Objective】Arbela spp.is a kind of trunk borer damaging Betula alnoides,and its attack is the main factor limiting the development of Betula alnoides plantations.Exploring the effects of understory vegetation on tree growth and trunk borer attack is critical for the efficient and green cultivation of B.alnoides as well as the sustainable management of the plantation.【Method】A trial of understory vegetation clearing was conducted for three years in a 5-year-old B.alnoides plantation with full clearing(T2),banded clearing(T1)and no clearing(CK),to reveal the effect of understory vegetation on tree growth and trunk borer attack.【Result】Understory vegetation clearing had no significant effect on the annual increment of diameter at breast height,tree height,height to crown base and crown diameter(P≥0.05),and only a remarkable difference was observed for the cumulative increment of diameter at breast height during the whole experimental period(P<0.05).The annual increment of diameter at breast height,tree height,height to crown base and crown diameter was 0.85-1.41cm,0.86-1.72m,0.78-1.58m and 0.20-0.35m,respectively.However,the trunk borer(Arbela spp.)attack increased significantly with the intensity of understory vegetation clearing(P<0.05).In the first year(2018)after vegetation clearing,the stand infection rate and density of borer holes per tree under T2 treatment were 17.04%and 1.70,which were 3.63 and 1.45 times higher than those of T0,respectively.In the second year(2019),they were 44.12%and 1.81,and 4.09 and 1.60 times higher than those of T0.However,in the third year of the experiment(2020),the infection rate was only 0.66%-1.52%due to the very low damage degree of the trunk borer attack of all treatments.【Conclusion】Understory vegetation is significantly correlated with the trunk borer attack of Arbela spp.in B.alnoides plantations,and removal of only vicious shrubs,weeds and lianas is recommended during the forest tending of B.alnoides plantations,which could not only save the cost of wood production,improve timber quality,but also enhance the health and stability of B.alnoides plantations.