文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：刚竹属竹种表型及纤维特征变异规律

英文题名：Variation patterns of phenotype and fiber characteristics of bamboo species in Phyllostachys

作者：王继业[1,2] 袁金玲[2] 赵丹丹[3] 马婧瑕[3] 刘蕾[1] 岳晋军[2]

第一作者：王继业

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室/国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400;[3]安吉竹子博览园有限责任公司,浙江安吉313300

年份：2025

卷号：42

期号：6

起止页码：1165-1173

中文期刊名：浙江农林大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2201901)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：刚竹属;表型性状;纤维性状;拟合方程

外文关键词：Phyllostachys;phenotypic traits;fiber traits;fitting equation

分类号：S722.3

摘要：【目的】探究刚竹属Phyllostachys竹种表型性状与纤维性状的差异性与相关性,并建立性状特征拟合方程,旨在探索刚竹属竹种表型变异,为竹子表型特征建立研究范式。【方法】以浙江安吉中国竹子博览园刚竹属111种(包括种下等级)竹种为研究对象,对其8个表型性状和8个纤维性状进行变异分析、相关性分析、聚类分析,并进行各性状之间的方程拟合。【结果】刚竹属111种竹种的8个表型性状与8个纤维性状均呈现明显种间差异。刚竹属竹种表型性状变异系数为21.75%~67.72%,其中胸径、壁厚、枝下高节数、秆高属于高度变异。毛竹Ph.edulis种下等级数量最多,共17个,其表型性状中壁腔比、高度、节长等指标变异程度高于全属种下等级。刚竹属竹种8个表型性状与8个纤维性状之间呈现出39对显著相关关系,表型性状中,壁厚与胸径、秆高与总节数2对相关性较高,胸径与其他7个表型性状之间皆为极显著相关(P<0.01);纤维性状中,细小纤维A类与加权细小纤维相关性最强。刚竹属111种竹种被分为7个大类,第Ⅰ类性状表现为壁厚明显大于其他竹种;第Ⅱ类性状表现为壁腔比明显大于其他竹种;第Ⅲ类性状表现为竹节长明显低于其他竹种;第Ⅳ类性状表现为胸径、秆高和枝条长度明显大于其他竹种;第Ⅴ类性状表现为各表型指标皆略低于刚竹属平均值;第Ⅵ类性状表现为壁厚、秆高、总节数、枝下高节数、节长5个表型性状明显低于其他竹种;第Ⅶ类性状表现为各表型指标皆略高于刚竹属平均值。以胸径(x)为自变量建立壁厚(y_(1))、秆高(y_(3))、总节数(y_(4))表型性状拟合方程,分别为y_(1)=0.2277x-0.0012x^(2)、y_(3)=0.2321x-0.0010x^(2)、y_(4)=1.6212x-0.0120x^(2)。决定系数(R^(2))较大且皆达到极显著水平(P<0.01),能较好地预测表型性状指标。【结论】刚竹属竹种纤维性状变异程度低于表型性状,纤维性状遗传稳定性高于表型性状。毛竹、水竹Ph.heteroclada的变种、变型以及栽培品种的变异程度较高,具有较大的选育潜力。刚竹属表型之间相关性强,胸径增大其他表型性状也会随之增大。
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the difference and correlation between phenotypic traits and fiber traits in Phyllostachys,and establish fitting equations to characterize these traits,so as to explore the phenotypic variation of Phyllostachys species and establish a research paradigm for bamboo phenotypic characteristics.[Method]Taking 111 species(including intraspecific taxa)of Phyllostachys in China Bamboo Expo Park in Anji,Zhejiang Province as the research objects,variation analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis on 8 phenotypic traits and 8 fiber traits were conducted,and fitting equations among these traits were established.[Result]There were significant inter-species differences in 8 phenotypic traits and 8 fiber traits in Phyllostachys.The coefficients of phenotypic trait variation ranged from 21.75%to 67.72%,among which diameter at breast height(DBH),wall thickness,number of high nodes under branches,and stem height belonged to height variation.Ph.edulis had the highest number of intraspecific ranks,totaling 17.Its phenotypic traits,including wall-to-cavity ratio,height,and node length showed a higher degree of variation than those of the sub species level within the entire genus.There were 39 pairs of significant correlations between 8 phenotypic traits and 8 fiber traits.Among the phenotypic traits of Phyllostachys,wall thickness had a higher correlation with DBH,and stem height had a higher correlation with total number of nodes.There was a highly significant correlation between DBH and the other 7 phenotypic traits.Among the fiber traits,the correlation between fine fiber type A and weighted fine fiber was the strongest.111 species of the genus Phyllostachys were classified into 7 major categories.Category Ⅰ was characterized by significantly thicker walls than other bamboo species.Category Ⅱ was characterized by a higher ratio of wall to cavity.Category Ⅲ was characterized by shorter nodes.Category Ⅳ was characterized by larger DBH,stem height,and branch lengths.Category Ⅴ showed that all phenotypic indicators were slightly lower than the average value of the genus.Category Ⅵ was characterized by significantly lower wall thickness,stem height,total number of nodes,number of high nodes under branches,and node length.Category Ⅶ showed that all phenotypic indicators were slightly higher than the genus average.Fitting equations were established for the phenotypic traits of wall thickness(y_(1)),stem height(y_(3))and total number of nodes(y4),with DBH(x)as the independent variable.The equations were y_(1)=0.2277x-0.0012x^(2),y_(3)=0.2321x-0.0010x^(2),and y_(4)=1.6212x-0.0120x^(2),respectively.The determination coefficients(R2)were relatively large and all reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01),which could effectively predict phenotypic traits.[Conclusion]The degree of variation of fiber traits of Phyllostachys is lower than that of phenotypic traits,indicating that the genetic stability of fiber traits is higher than that of phenotypic traits.The higher variation in subspecies,forms,and cultivated varieties of Ph.edulis and Ph.heteroclada indicates that there is great potential for breeding.There is a strong correlation between phenotypes in the genus Phyllostachys,and an increase in DBH will also lead to an increase in other phenotypic traits.