文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：矮化对马尾松雌球花发生及枝梢生长的影响

英文题名：Effect of Dwarfing on Occurrence of Female Strobilus of Pinus massoniana and Its Effect on Branch Growth

作者：郑一[1] 张含国[1] 张振[2] 周志春[2] 童静亮[3] 黄晗[3] 范金根[4]

第一作者：郑一

机构：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040;[2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所;[3]兰溪市林业局;[4]兰溪市苗圃

年份：2021

卷号：49

期号：10

起止页码：1-5

中文期刊名：东北林业大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Northeast Forestry University

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0600301);浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02056-4);江西省林业科技创新项目(201703);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2017ZA001-2)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：马尾松;无性系;矮化;雌球花;枝梢生长

外文关键词：Pinus massoniana;Clones;Dwarfing;Female strobilus;Branch growth

分类号：S722.1

摘要：以浙江省兰溪市苗圃的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)二代无性系种子园不同结实能力(低产、中产、高产)无性系为材料,设置树干高2 m处截干(D_(2))、4 m处截干(D_(4))、不截干(CK)3种矮化处理。2017—2019年连续3 a,调查各无性系在树干高度1、2、4 m处分枝的雌球花量、当年生枝梢长度、当年生枝梢直径,分析截干矮化对不同结实能力无性系雌球花量和枝梢生长的影响。结果表明:在树干高度2 m处截干,显著促进高产、中产型无性系雌球花量的增加。2018年高产、中产型无性系雌球花量,分别比CK高出24.22%、30.70%,分别比D_(4)处理高出25.44%、9.19%;2019年高产、中产型无性系雌球花量,分别比CK高出37.56%、38.38%,分别比D_(4)处理高出32.91%、21.47%。矮化后,高产、中产型无性系雌球花量相对差距减小,2017—2019年3 a中,D_(4)处理的高产型无性系雌球花量,分别比中产型高出92.21%、76.17%、53.79%;D_(2)处理的高产型无性系雌球花量,分别比中产型高出68.19%、53.36%、40.56%。矮化促进马尾松树体结实层显著下移,2018、2019年,D_(4)处理的树高2 m分枝处雌球花量,分别比CK高出26.55%、20.73%;D_(2)处理的树高1 m分枝处雌球花量,分别比CK高出27.22%、26.39%。矮化促进马尾松新生枝梢生长;2017—2019年3 a中,D_(2)处理的枝长,分别比CK高出11.71%、12.69%、4.34%;D_(4)处理的枝长,分别比CK高出9.33%、5.73%、2.70%;D_(2)处理的枝直径,分别比CK高出6.18%、9.34%、4.51%,D_(4)处理的枝直径,分别比CK高出4.19%、3.66%、3.59%。综合测算结果,截干能够提高马尾松枝梢的雌球花量,其中在树高2 m处截干的效果最好,能提高中产、高产无性系的雌球花量20%以上。
Using the clones with different fruiting abilities(low yield,middle yield and high yield)in the second-generation clone seed orchard of Pinus massoniana in the nursery of Lanxi City,Zhejiang Province,three dwarfing treatments were set up:truncation(D_(2))at trunk height of 2 m,truncation at 4 m(D_(4)),and untruncated(CK).For three consecutive years from 2017 to 2019,the female strobilus,the length and diameter of branches of each clone at trunk height of 1 m,2 m and 4 m were investigated,and the effects of truncated dwarfing on female strobilus and shoot growth of clones with different fruiting ability were analyzed.The results showed that cutting at the trunk height of 2 m significantly promoted the increase of female strobilus of high-yield and middle-yield clones,and in 2018,the female strobilus of high-yield and middle-yield clones was 24.22%and 30.70%higher than that of CK,and 25.44%and 9.19%higher than that of D_(4) treatment,respectively.After dwarfing,the relative difference in the number of female strobilus between high-yield and middle-yield clones decreased.The female strobilus of high-yield clones treated with D_(4) were 92.21%,76.17%and 53.79%higher than that of middle-yield clones,respectively.The female strobilus of high-yield clones treated with D_(2) were 68.19%,53.36%and 40.56%higher than that of middle-yield clones,respectively.Dwarfing promotes the significant downward movement of the fruiting layer of P.massoniana.In 2018 and 2019,the female strobilus at height H_(2) treated by D_(4) was 26.55%and 20.73%higher than that of CK,respectively.The female strobilus at height H_(1) treated by D_(2) were 27.22%and 26.39%higher than that of CK,respectively.Dwarfing promotes shoot growth of P.massoniana.In the three years from 2017 to 2019,the branch lengths of D_(2) treatment was 11.71%,12.69%and 4.34%higher than that of CK,respectively.The branch lengths of D_(4) treatment were 9.33%,5.73%and 2.70%higher than that of CK,respectively.The branch diameters of D_(2) treatment were 6.18%,9.34%and 4.51%higher than that of CK,respectively.The branch diameters of D_(4) treatment were 4.19%,3.66%and 3.59%higher than that of CK,respectively.In summary,truncation can increase the number of female strobilus on the branches of P.massoniana,and the effect of cutting at the height of 2 m is the best,which can increase the number of female strobilus of middle-yield and high-yield clones by more than 20%.