文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：中国防沙治沙60年回顾与展望

英文题名：Review of 60 years combating desertification in China and prospects on it

作者：包岩峰[1] 杨柳[1] 龙超[2] 孔哲[2] 彭鹏[2] 肖军[2] 姜丽娜[1] 卢琦[1]

第一作者：包岩峰

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所;[2]国家林业局亚太森林网络管理中心

年份：2018

卷号：16

期号：2

起止页码：144-150

中文期刊名：中国水土保持科学

外文期刊名：Science of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：国家林业局林业软科学研究项目"大中亚区域林业现状;国际合作;发展战略及森林管理最佳实践研究项目"(2016-R22);科技部国际科技合作项目"中哈丝绸之路经济带土地退化监测预评价技术合作研究"(2015DFR31130);国家自然基金委青年科学基金项目"梭梭人工林配置结构对防风固沙效果的影响及机理"(31600581)

语种：中文

中文关键词：荒漠化;防沙治沙;中国经验;技术与模式;“中国药方”

外文关键词：desertification;desertification combating;Chinese experience;technology and integrated pattern;Chinese solution

分类号：K903

摘要：我国相对于世界其他国家开展防治荒漠化工作的时间较早,成果也相对显著。通过对中国防沙治沙60年的治理回顾,明晰中国治沙事业的发展脉络,总结防沙治沙的技术体系和综合治理模式,讲述防沙治沙的"中国故事",分享"中国经验"和"中国智慧",开出"中国药方"。希望将我国已经取得的防沙治沙成功经验和典范成果推广至其他区域,并供全球其他相似国家和地区借鉴,展望我国防沙治沙方略的全球示范意义。
[Background] Desertification is one of the major threats to people around the world. It also affects the security of ecosystem and the sustainable development of economic society. China is one of the victim countries suffering from various types of desertification. Therefore,China has started combating desertification earlier and a number of successful achievements have been earned. These successful policies and examples of combating desertification may be applied by the similar countries and regions or translated into combating desertification models. [Methods] We reviewed and analyzed the works of combating desertification from past 60 years in China and cleared the development process of combating desertification in China. [Results] 1） The serious researches on desert science and practices of combating desert was initiated while the People＇s Republic of China was built. The period of 1949-middle of 1970 s was beginning stage,desertification in China worsened due to massive cultivated crops though some combating works of investigation and monitoring were done. The years of 1978-1993 were preliminary development stage with the initiation of ＂Three North Shelterbelt ＂ and establishment of several basic laws. Since 1994 until now,the desertification combating was in stable developing stage with joining in international conventions and built-up of national regulations. 2） First we have been conducting the fundamental researches on desert science such as desert ecology, wind-sand geomorphology,wind-sand physics,understanding basic situations of deserts in China,and buildingdesert classification system,etc. Then we constructed institutional organizations such as field monitoring stations and key laboratories. Moreover,we built varied models and technical systems of combating desertification such as Hotan desertification control model in extreme arid areas,the Kubuqi desert ecological wealth creation model to get people out of poverty via the development of sand industry,rapid breeding technique system for sand-fixing plants,remote sensing monitoring technology for desert and desertified land,etc. 3） We earned experiences from 60 years desertification combating to share with international community,i. e.,desertification prevention and controls should be directed by government and according to laws,and served for diplomatic cooperation with the countries,and promoted by international cooperation. 4） China ＇s desertification combating has been developed so well that profoundly affects international rules,and currently leads the global desertification prevention and control in the world. [Conclusions] China＇s experiences on combating desertification are conducive to other desertification regions all around the world. We in this global village may win in this desertification combat by relying on more appropriate laws,allowing government to direct it,being based on scientific knowledge,using successful Chinese models, building advanced evaluation system, and enhancing international cooperation.