文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：干旱对油松人工林生长和光合特性的影响

英文题名：The Impact of Drought on the Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations

作者：法蕾[1] 吴迪[1] 马淑敏[1] 邓秀秀[1]

第一作者：法蕾

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,北京102300

年份：2025

卷号：5

期号：3

起止页码：35-42

中文期刊名：陆地生态系统与保护学报

外文期刊名：Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2023MB039)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：干旱;光合能力;针叶特征;人工林;油松

外文关键词：drought;photosynthetic capacity;needle traits;plantation;Pinus tabulaeformis

分类号：S791.254

摘要：【目的】在全球气候变化导致干旱持续增加的背景下,油松的生长呈衰退状态。本研究通过野外原位模拟试验,探究干旱对油松人工林生长及光合生理过程的影响,以揭示其对干旱环境的响应与适应机制。【方法】以15年生油松人工林为对象,通过搭建减雨棚设置对照(CK)、轻度干旱(降水减少35%,D35%)和中度干旱(降水减少70%,D70%)3个处理,每个处理设4个重复样地(10 m×10 m)。每块样地布设土壤温湿度仪持续监测土壤温度和湿度变化。在干旱处理一个生长季后,测定树干的径向生长量、针叶性状、气体交换参数及光合色素含量,系统分析干旱对油松生长和光合生理特征的影响。【结果】1)干旱处理对土壤温度无显著影响,但显著降低了土壤湿度,且干旱程度越高土壤湿度下降越明显,7月高温进一步加重了土壤水分流失。2)干旱处理一个生长季后,中度干旱下针叶形态特征变化显著,长度减小20.08%、含水率减少5.80%,比叶面积减小12.31%。3)轻度和中度干旱处理下,气孔导度显著下降,细胞间隙CO_(2)在轻度干旱下降显著,水分利用效率分别显著增加39.95%和76.57%。4)轻度干旱和中度干旱处理下,总叶绿素含量分别显著降低14.04%、9.85%,类胡萝卜素/总叶绿素比值显著降低13.40%、12.88%,叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量变化未达显著水平。【结论】经过一个生长季的干旱胁迫后,油松启动了多种抗逆生理机制,包括改变针叶形态、调节气孔行为、提升水分利用效率等,以应对水分亏缺,维持树木生长的稳定性。该研究结果为干旱环境下油松人工林的科学经营与管理提供了理论依据。
【Objective】In the context of increasing drought stress due to climate change,the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis is exhibiting a state of decline.This study aims to investigate the effects of drought on the growth and photosynthetic physiological processes of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations through in-situ field simulation,in order to further elucidate the response and adaptation mechanisms of these plantations under drought conditions.【Methods】This study was conducted on a 15-year-old Pinus tabulaeformis plantation.Three treatments were established by setting up rain shelters:a control(CK),mild drought(35%precipitation reduction,D35%),and moderate drought(70%precipitation reduction,D70%).Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate plots(10 m×10 m).Soil temperature and moisture sensors were installed in each plot to monitor changes in soil conditions.After one growing season of drought treatment,the radial growth of tree stems,needle traits,gas exchange parameters,and photosynthetic pigment content were measured to systematically analyze the impacts of drought on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the Pinus tabulaeformis plantation.【Results】1)The drought treatments had no significant effect on soil temperature,but significantly affected soil moisture content.Soil moisture decreased progressively with the increasing severity of drought,and the impact was exacerbated by high temperatures in July.2)After one growing season of drought treatment,the needle length decreased by 20.08%,the needle water content decreased by 5.80%,and specific leaf area all decreased by 12.31%.3)Stomatal conductance decreased significantly under mild and moderate drought treatments.The intercellular CO_(2) concentration showed a significant decline under mild drought.The water use efficiency increased significantly by 39.95%and 76.57%respectively.4)The total chlorophyll significantly increased by 14.04%,9.85%,while the ratio of carotenoids to total chlorophyll decreased significantly by 13.40%,12.88%under mild and moderate drought treatments.Although the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoids did not change significantly.【Conclusion】After one growing season of drought treatment,Pinus tabulaeformis activated multiple stress-resistant physiological mechanisms to cope with water deficiency,including changing needle leaf morphology,regulating stomatal behavior,and improving water use efficiency,to maintain the stability of overall tree growth.This study provides a theoretical basis for the management and operation of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations in drought environments.