文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：蒿柳1年生雌雄株幼苗的生长与防御差异研究

英文题名：Gender-specific differences in growth and defense of one-year-old Salix viminalis seedlings

作者：翟飞飞[1,2] 毛金梅[2,3] 李海栋[1] 张运兴[1] 李振坚[2] 刘俊祥[2] 李霞[4] 孙振元[2]

第一作者：翟飞飞

机构：[1]河南理工大学建筑与艺术设计学院,河南焦作454000;[2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[3]新疆林业科学院经济林研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830063;[4]菏泽学院农业与生物工程学院,山东菏泽274000

年份：2022

卷号：50

期号：8

起止页码：46-54

中文期刊名：西北农林科技大学学报：自然科学版

外文期刊名：Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：河南理工大学青年骨干教师资助计划项目(2020XQG-19);国家自然科学基金项目(31700533);中央公益性科研机构基础研究基金项目(CAFYBB2018ZB002);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KC020)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：蒿柳;雌雄异株;性别差异;化学防御

外文关键词：Salix viminalis;dioecy;gender difference;chemical defense

分类号：S792.12

摘要：【目的】研究蒿柳(Salix viminalis)雌雄株幼苗在生长季不同阶段的生长与防御差异,为雌雄株差异研究及其在生产实践中的选择性应用提供指导。【方法】以蒿柳1年生雌雄扦插苗为研究对象,在大田中采用完全随机区组设计,于6-10月(6月5日、7月3日、8月4日、9月7日和10月5日)对雌雄株幼苗的生长、光合作用参数、光合色素含量、化学防御物质含量以及防御酶活性等测定后进行动态分析,比较二者差异。【结果】蒿柳雌雄幼苗株高在6月、地径在6月和7月无显著差异,其他时间株高和地径均为雄株显著高于雌株。6月雌雄株间的净光合速率(P_(n))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))无显著差异,7-10月均表现为雄株显著高于雌株;6-9月雌雄株间气孔导度(G_(s))无显著差异,仅在10月雄株显著高于雌株;6-10月整个生长季雌雄株间胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))差异均不显著。雌雄株间叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)和类胡萝卜素(Car)含量在6月差异均不显著,7-10月各光合色素含量均为雄株显著高于雌株。雌雄株间多酚和缩合单宁含量在生长季均无显著差异,但雄株的SOD(6月除外)、POD、PPO和PAL(6月除外)活性均显著高于雌株。【结论】在有胁迫因素存在的自然环境中,蒿柳雌雄株幼苗防御物质含量无显著差异,但雌株防御酶活性较低、生长相对缓慢,可能在繁殖与生长、防御间存在进化的权衡。蒿柳雄株生长相对较快,且可解决飞絮问题,在实际应用中可优先选用。
【Objective】This study investigated sexual differences in growth and defense of Salix viminalis seedlings in different growing stages to provide guidance for gender difference research and selective application of male and female plants in practice.【Method】Male and female one-year-old cutting seedlings of S.viminalis were selected,and the growth,photosynthetic parameters,photosynthetic pigment contents,chemical defense substance content and defense enzyme activities were measured and analyzed with the design of completely randomized blocks under field experiment conditions on June 5,July 3,August 4,September 7 and October 5.【Result】There were no significant gender differences in plant height in June and ground diameter in June and July,but the height and ground diameter of male plants were significantly higher than those of female plants at other dates.The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and transpiration rate(T_(r))showed no significant gender difference in June,while the P_(n) and T_(r)of male plants were significantly higher than those of female plants from July to October.The stomatal conductance(G_(s))showed no significant gender difference from June to September,while the G_(s) of male plants was significantly higher than that of female plants in October.The intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i))showed no significant gender difference from June to October.The contents of chlorophyll a(Chl a),chlorophyll b(Chl b)and carotenoid(Car)showed no significant gender difference in June,while the photosynthetic pigment contents of male plants were significantly higher than those of female plants from July to October.There was no significant difference in contents of secondary metabolites(polyphenols and tannins)between males and females from June to October,but the activities of SOD(except for June),POD,PPO and PAL(except for June)in male were significantly higher than those in female.【Conclusion】In the natural environment with stress factors,there was no significant differences in secondary metabolites between male and female plants.Female plants grew slower and showed lower defense enzyme activity,indicating an evolutionary trade-off between reproduction and growth and defense.Male plants of S.viminalis can be selected preferentially in practical application as they grew faster without the catkins problem.