文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：侧柏古树树洞微生物群落的结构及功能分析

英文题名：Structure and Functional Analysis of Microbial Communities in the Tree Hollows of Ancient Platycladus orientalis Trees

作者：吴昊宇[1] 马晓燕[2] 刘建锋[1] 贾子瑞[1] 常二梅[1]

第一作者：吴昊宇

机构：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业草原古树健康与古树文化工程技术研究中心,北京102206

年份：2025

卷号：38

期号：2

起止页码：67-77

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：北京农学院省部级科研平台2023年度开放课题(BUAOP202301);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2022ZA001)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：宏基因组学;侧柏;古树;微生物;功能差异

外文关键词：Metagenomics;Platycladus orientalis;Ancient trees;Microorganisms;Functional differences

分类号：Q938

摘要：[目的]通过了解侧柏古树树洞微生物种类及其代谢功能,为古树树洞腐烂的综合防治提供理论依据。[方法]本研究通过生理测定和宏基因组测序技术,分析100年生健康树洞(JK100)及100、300和700年生腐烂树洞(SD100、SD300和SD700)的微生物群落特征及其代谢功能。[结果]结果表明腐烂树洞组的纤维素含量低于对照组,并随着树龄的增长逐渐降低,而纤维素酶和果胶酶活性高于对照组并随树龄逐渐升高。侧柏古树腐烂树洞中细菌为微生物优势菌群,其次是真菌。腐烂树洞的优势菌门为变形菌门和放线菌门;优势菌属为类丹毒梭菌属和湿地丝菌属;优势种为无害梭菌和嗜盐沼泽丝菌。此外,腐烂树洞样本中细菌界的酸杆菌门和放线菌门、分枝杆菌属和纤维单胞菌属、以及琥珀色放线孢菌和真菌界的微观小盾菌的丰度显著高于对照组,并且腐烂树洞的微生物群落的多样性高于对照组。在侧柏腐烂树洞微生物群落中,上调富集的KEGG level 1的主要代谢通路包括“碳水化合物代谢”、“能量代谢”和“细胞过程”等。KEGG level 3的“过氧化物酶体”、“吞噬体”和“细菌趋化性”等代谢通路在SD300样本中显著上调富集。[结论]侧柏古树腐烂树洞中微生物群落结构和功能与健康树洞间存在显著差异,并表现出较强的纤维素和果胶降解能力。研究结果为侧柏古树腐烂树洞的综合防治提供了关键的微生物学依据。
[Objective]To understand the types of pathogens causing cavity rot in ancient Platycladus orientalis L.trees and understand their metabolic functions,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of cavity rot in these ancient trees.[Methods]This study utilized physiological assays and metagenomic sequencing technology to analyze the microbial community characteristics and related functions of 100-year-old healthy cavity(JK100),100-,300-,and 700-year-old P.orientalis rotting cavities(SD100,SD300,and SD700).[Results]Results indicated that the cellulose content of the rotting cavities was lower than that of the control group,and gradually decreased with tree age of P.orientalis.In contrast,the activities of cellulase and pectinase were higher in the rotting cavities than those of the control group,and these activities increased with tree age of P.orientalis.In the rotting cavities of ancient P.orientalis trees,bacteria were the dominant microbial flora,followed by fungi.The dominant bacterial phyla in the rotting cavities were Proteobacteria Gray&Herwig and Actinobacteria Goodfellow,while the dominant genera were Erysipelatoclostridium Yutin&Galperin and Paludifilum Frikha-Dammak.The most abundant species were Clostridium_innocuum Smith&King and Paludifilum_halophilum Frikha-Dammak.Furthermore,the abundances of Acidobacteria Thrash&Coates,Actinobacteria,Mycobacterium Lehmann&Neumann,Cellulomonas Bergey,Actinomycetospora_succinea Tamura from the bacterial domains,and Microthyrium_microscopicum Desm from the fungal domains were significantly higher in the rotting cavities than in the control group.The microbial communities in the rotting cavities also displayed higher diversity compared to the control.“Carbohydrate metabolism”,“energy metabolism”,“cellular processes”,etc.from the KEGG level 1 in the microbial community of P.orientalis tree holes were the main metabolic pathways that were up-regulated and enriched in the decayed tree cavity samples.Pathways such as peroxisome,phagosome,and bacterial chemotaxis from the KEGG level 3 were significantly upregulated and enriched in the SD300 samples.[Conclusion]The microbial community structure and function in the rotting cavities of ancient P.orientalis trees differ significantly from those in healthy cavities,with pronounced abilities for cellulose and pectin degradation.The results provide valuable microbiological insights that can inform the comprehensive management of decay in the hollows of ancient Platycladus orientalis tree.