文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：林木基因型与环境互作的研究进展

英文题名：A Review on Genotype×Environment Interaction in Forest Trees

作者：王文丽[1] 卢万鸿[1] 林彦[1] 刘果[1] 黄安瀛[1] 潘靖宜[1] 罗建中[1]

第一作者：王文丽

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院速生树木研究所,广东湛江524022

年份：2025

卷号：42

期号：4

起止页码：87-94

中文期刊名：桉树科技

外文期刊名：Eucalypt Science & Technology

基金：国家林业和草原局推广项目(2023133109);“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600503)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：互作;遗传改良;表型分析;遗传机制

外文关键词：interaction;genetic improvement;phenotypic analysis;genetic mechanism

分类号：S722.3

摘要：基因型与环境交互作用(G×E)作为林木遗传改良的核心问题,对整个林木遗传改良进程形成重大挑战。这种交互作用不仅增加了普适性良种的筛选难度、削弱遗传性状的稳定性,还干扰遗传评估的准确性,阻碍育种策略的科学制定,影响遗传改良成果的推广应用,成为制约林木遗传育种技术突破、延缓林业可持续发展进程的关键难题。本文从宏观和微观两个层面系统归纳了研究林木G×E的两大类方法,即基于数量遗传学的表型分析法(方差分析、AMMI模型、BLUP-GGE联合分析等)与基于基因信息分析的遗传机制研究(表观遗传调控、基因组学、转录组与代谢组联合分析),综述了G×E在林木育种、品质改良、生态适应性和定向育种中的应用进展。关于G×E研究的归纳分析结果表明,结合新遗传模型与多环境数据,解析G×E的遗传模式,精准估计特定环境基因型育种值,有助于优化育种方案、提升良种筛选精准度,有望提升林木遗传改良效率,进而保障木材供给安全。
Genotype by Environment Interaction(G×E)is a core element of forest tree genetic improvement,posing significant challenges to the entire process of forest tree genetic improvement.This interaction not only increases the difficulty of selecting universally applicable superior varieties,weakens the stability of genetic traits,but also interferes with the accuracy of genetic evaluation,hinders the scientific formulation of breeding strategies,affects the popularization and application of genetic improvement achievements,and becomes a key problem that restricts breakthroughs in forest tree genetic breeding technology and delays the sustainable development process of forestry.This paper systematically summarizes two major categories of methods for studying G x E in forest trees from both macro and micro levels,namely phenotypic analysis methods based on quantitative genetics(Analysis of variance,Additive main effects multiplicative interaction,Best linear unbiased prediction and genotype main effect plus genotype-environmental interaction effect biplot joint analysis,etc.)and genetic mechanism research based on gene information analysis(epigenetic regulation,genomics,combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolome).It reviews the application progress of G×E in forest tree breeding,quality improvement,ecological adaptability,and directed breeding.The inductive analysis of this paper on G x E research indicates that combining new genetic models with multi-environment data to analyze the genetic patterns of G×E and accurately estimate the genomic breeding value under specific environments can help optimize breeding schemes and improve the precision of superior variety selection,which is expected to enhance the efficiency of forest tree genetic improvement and thereby ensure the safety of wood supply.