文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：施用生物炭肥对黄连木生长及光合特性的影响

英文题名：Effects of Biochar Fertilizer Application on Growth Properties and Photosynthetic and Physiological Characteristics of Pistacia chinensis Bunge

作者：吴志庄[1] 王道金[2] 厉月桥[3] 杜旭华[1] 邵琼[1] 刘胜辉[1]

第一作者：吴志庄

机构：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心;[2]安徽省林业厅;[3]中国林科院亚热带林业实验中心

年份：2015

卷号：24

期号：6

起止页码：992-997

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：十二五国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD22B08);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2012025)

语种：中文

中文关键词：黄连木;生物炭肥;生长特性;净光合速率;光合特性

外文关键词：Pistacia chinensis bunge; biochar fertilizer; growth properties; net photosynthetic rate; photosynthetic characteristics

分类号：Q948;X173

摘要：黄连木(Pistacia chinensis Bunge)是中国重要的能源树种,具有巨大的开发利用价值。通过黄连木人工林施用生物炭肥试验,探讨了黄连木生长和光合生理特性对生物碳肥输入的响应,结果表明:与对照相比,各生物炭肥处理对黄连木生长特性都有不同程度的提高,其中地径、树高、冠幅、比叶面积平均高于对照30.09%、55.08%、23.07%、25.03%,但不同处理之间差异不显著,说明生物炭肥对黄连木生长有促进作用,但与施用量相关性不紧密。通过光合试验发现,不同炭肥处理黄连木光合速率Pn值平均高于对照14.25%,除胞间CO2浓度(Ci)外,黄连木叶片的气孔导度(Cond)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(wue)各处理都高于对照,说明各生物碳肥都能在一定程度上提高光能利用率和水分利用效率。黄连木最大荧光效率(Fv/Fm)在不同生物炭肥处理间没有显著差异(P>0.05),其中T2处理的Fv/Fm值最大为0.750,略高于对照。PsⅡ(Photosystem II)的活性(Fv/Fo)也是T2处理最高,且显著高于对照,平均值比对照增加14.73%,达到3.006。除T2处理的可变荧光Fv值显著高于对照外,其它各叶绿素荧光参数在处理间的差异都不显著(P>0.05)。综合而言,适量的生物炭肥(T2处理)有利于提高黄连木的Pn值以及叶片Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo值,有效改善黄连木的光合生理特性,进而促进植株生长。
Pistacia chinensis Bunge is an important biodiesel woody energy plant in China with a broad prospect of exploitation and utilization.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar fertilizer application on growth properties,photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of Pistacia chinensis.The experimental results showed that when compared with the control,the growth properties of Pistacia chinensis rose after applying biochar fertilizer; and its DBH,height,canopy and leaf area ratio also increased by 30.09%,55.08%,23.07%,25.03% respectively on average.However,there are no significant differences for biochar treatments which indicated that the biological carbon fertilizer could improve Pistacia chinensis＇ growth,but its effect has little close relation to the dosage.Under the conditions of different fertilizer treatments,the average photosynthetic rate（Pn） was higher than that of control by 14.25% through the experiment of photosynthesis of Pistacia chinensis; except for the intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）,the stomatal conductance（Cond）,transpiration rate（Tr） and water use efficiency（WUE） of each treatment were higher than that of the control,which indicated biochar fertilizer could enhance efficiency of light energy and improve moisture utilization rate to a certain extent.Pistacia＇s maximum fluorescence efficiency（Fv/Fm） had no significant difference in different biological carbon fertilizer treatment（P〉0.05）.The Fv/Fm value of T2 treatment was the highest amounting to 0.750 on average,which is slightly higher than the control.The activity of photosystemⅡ（Fv/Fo） of T2 treatment also looked remarkably higher at the first instance than that of control,which increased by 14.73% and reached 3.006.In addition to variable fluorescence（Fv）,its Fvvalue of T2 treatment was significantly higher than that of control and the other parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence in the treatments had no significant differences（P〉0.05）.In general,the biological carbon fertilizer is conducive to raising the value of Pn,Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo values; improving photosynthetic physiological characteristics effectively and promoting the growth of Pistacia chinensis Bunge.