文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于显微衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱的沉船考古木材降解程度判别研究

英文题名：Research on Discrimination of Degradation Levels in Shipwreck Archaeological Wood Based on Microscale Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

作者：李仁[1] 孙满利[1] 焦立超[2,3] 殷亚方[2,3] 张治国[4] 铁付德[1]

第一作者：李仁

通信作者：Tie, FD[1]

机构：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院,文化遗产研究与保护技术教育部重点实验室,中国-中亚人类与环境“一带一路”联合实验室,西安710127;[2]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局木材标本资源库,北京100091;[4]国家文物局考古研究中心,北京100013

年份：2025

卷号：53

期号：6

起止页码：967-975

中文期刊名：分析化学

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001532472700001)】；北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2022M722575) , the Open Project of China-Central Asia '' the Belt and Road '' Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, Collaborative Research Centre for Archaeology of the Silk Roads, Northwest University (No. 363022201019) .

语种：中文

中文关键词：沉船考古木材;衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱;木材细胞壁;稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析;降解程度

外文关键词：Shipwreck archaeological wood;Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy;Wood cell wall;Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis;Degradation level

分类号：O657.3

摘要：考古发掘的木质沉船打捞出水后,木材构件发生不同程度降解,降解程度的准确判别是采取有效保护措施的前提。本研究以南宋沉船“南海Ⅰ号”发掘的木材遗存马尾松(Pinus massoniana)样本为研究对象,对比现代马尾松木材,基于衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外(ATR-FTIR)光谱判别木材降解程度。分析了木材细胞壁糖分残余量,采用非侵入式全自动显微ATR-FTIR方法提取木材弦切面化学信息,通过超景深显微镜及扫描电子显微镜表征测试样本微观结构,解析FTIR光谱以获取木材细胞壁降解情况,并阐释纤维素晶体结构变化。最后,将FTIR光谱与稀疏偏最小二乘判别分析(s PLS-DA)模型相结合,快速判别沉船考古木材的降解程度,以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和曲线下面积(AUC)评估模型性能。研究结果表明,木材降解程度越高,细胞壁糖分含量越低,高度降解的木材葡萄糖含量仅为4.7%;不同降解程度的木材弦切面微观结构及FTIR特征吸收峰均存在明显差别,随着降解程度增加,木材细胞壁逐渐松动,多糖组分选择性移除,木质素相对含量逐渐升高,导致FTIR光谱的A1509/A1370比值增高;sPLS-DA模型判别结果的AUC值超过0.9,说明FTIR光谱结合sPLS-DA模型可以准确判别沉船考古木材的降解程度。本研究基于显微ATR-FTIR光谱建立了快速、准确判别沉船考古木材降解程度的方法,有助于推进饱水木质文物保存状况的精准评估。
After the wooden shipwreck was recovered from the marine underwater environment,the wooden components undergo varying degrees of degradation,therefore,accurately determining the extent of degradation is a fundamental scientific issue for implementing effective preservation strategies.In this work,the wooden remains of Pinus massoniana excavated from the"Nanhai No.1"shipwreck(Southern Song Dynasty)were investigated and compared with the modern wood to discriminate the degradation levels of archaeological wood using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR)spectroscopy.The residual sugar content within wood cell walls was determined using a non-invasive automated microscale ATR-FTIR method to extract chemical information from the wood tangential section.Microstructural characterization of wood samples was conducted by super depth of field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.FTIR spectral analysis was performed to evaluate the degradation state and elucidate changes in cellulose crystallinity.Finally,the combination of FTIR spectroscopy with the sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA)model facilitated the rapid discrimination of degradation levels in shipwreck archaeological wood,and the performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and area under the curve(AUC).The results showed that the higher the degree of wood degradation,the lower the residual sugar content in the wood cell wall,and the residual glucose content of highly degraded wood was only 4.7%.Significant differences were observed in both the tangential section microstructure and FTIR characteristic absorption patterns across degradation levels,and as the degradation advanced,progressive cell wall loosening occurred alongside selective removal of polysaccharide components,and the relative lignin content was increased,resulting in an elevated A 1509/A 1370 ratio in FTIR spectra.The sPLS-DA model achieved excellent discrimination performance with AUC values exceeding 0.9,confirming that the combination of FTIR spectroscopy with sPLS-DA enabled accurate assessment of degradation levels in shipwreck archaeological wood.This study developed a rapid and accurate methodology for assessing degradation levels in shipwreck archaeological wood based on microscale ATR-FTIR spectroscopy,which would help to promote the accurate assessment of the preservation state of waterlogged wooden artifacts.