文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：高寒沙区生物土壤结皮覆盖区凝结水组分分析

英文题名：Composition Analysis of Condensation Water in Biological Soil Crusts Covering Area in Alpine Sandy Lands

作者：成龙[1] 贾晓红[1] 吴波[1] 李元寿[2] 赵雪彬[3] 周虹[1]

第一作者：成龙

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所;[2]中国气象科学研究院;[3]青海共和荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站

年份：2019

卷号：38

期号：2

起止页码：439-447

中文期刊名：高原气象

外文期刊名：Plateau Meteorology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500801);国家自然科学基金项目(41471096;41371093);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CAFYBB2016ZD010)

语种：中文

中文关键词：高寒沙区;生物土壤结皮;凝结水;贡献率

外文关键词：Alpine sandy lands;biological soil crusts;condensation water;contribution rate

分类号：P33

摘要：凝结水作为干旱半干旱地区重要的组分,对生物土壤结皮具有重要的生态学作用。为阐明高寒沙区青海共和盆地生物土壤结皮表层5 cm凝结水水汽来源,利用2017年5—9月自制微渗仪对土壤表层5 cm不同类型生物土壤结皮(苔藓结皮、藻类结皮、物理结皮)和流沙凝结水进行了观测。结果表明:高寒沙区凝结水量随结皮发育程度变化呈增加趋势,表现为:苔藓结皮>藻类结皮>物理结皮>流沙;生物土壤结皮覆盖区凝结水量显著大于流沙凝结水量,即生物土壤结皮有利于凝结水的产生;凝结水主要由吸湿水和大气水汽凝结水与土壤凝结水两部分组成;观测期间,不同类型结皮日土壤凝结水量无显著性差异;吸湿水量和大气水汽凝结水总量显著高于土壤凝结水量(P<0. 05);随时间的变化,吸湿水和大气水汽凝结水与土壤凝结水对凝结水的贡献率呈波动性变化;吸湿水和大气水汽凝结水贡献率主要集中在65%～80%,土壤凝结水贡献率主要集中在20%～35%。
As an important source of moisture in arid and semi-arid regions,condensation water has significant ecological effect to the biological soil crust.For describing the source of condensation water in 5 cm of biological soil crust,we used micro-lysimeters to measure the amounts of condensation water in different types of biological soil crust and moving sand in Qinghai Gonghe basin.The results show that,condensation water generated almost every day except the windy and rainy days.In alpine sandy lands,the condensate water at different land cover types were significant different,and the condensate water was increasing with the development of crust:moss crusts>algae crusts>physical crusts>sand.The amount of condensation water in biological soil crust was significantly higher than that in moving sand,which proving that the biological soil crusts were beneficial to the production of condensation water.The condensate source was divided into two parts:the first was the air water vapor near the ground,including the natural moisture in the atmosphere and the moisture of the evapotranspiration in the plant and the soil,the natural moisture in the atmosphere and the moisture of the evapotranspiration condensed on the surface of the earth,the other was the water vapor in the soil gap,and the water vapor moved upwards in the lower layer of soil due to the temperature gradient of the night.The condensation water in biological soil crust was made up of three parts,hygroscopic and condensate water,atmospheric vapor condensate water,soil condenses water.During the observation period,no significant difference was found in daily soil condenses water in different types of biological soil crusts.And the hygroscopic and condensate water was significantly higher than soil condenses water(P<0.05).The contribution rate to condensation water of hygroscopic and condensate water and soil condenses water had a fluctuated trend.The composition of condensate in the alpine sand lands was closely related to the relative humidity in the near formation at night,the peak air relative humidity in the near stratum was less than 80%at night,and the ratio of the contribution rate of the moisture absorption water and the atmospheric water vapor condensate to the soil condensate was about 2∶1,and the contribution rate of the moisture absorption water and the atmospheric water vapor condensate to the soil condensate was about 4∶1 when the relative humidity was higher than 80%.