文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于林分郁闭度的大兴安岭地区森林干扰及其影响因素研究

英文题名：Study on the forest disturbance in Daxinganling and its influence factors based on crown cover

作者：孙乡楠[1,2] 曾伟生[2] 陈新云[2] 庞勇[1] 梁瑞婷[3] 余涛[1] 王晨[1]

第一作者：孙乡楠

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714;[3]北京林业大学,北京100083

年份：2025

卷号：45

期号：17

起止页码：8324-8334

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFE0105100)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林韧性;林分郁闭度;遥感;森林干扰;大兴安岭

外文关键词：forest resilience;canopy density;remote sensing;forest disturbance;Daxinganling

分类号：S718.5

摘要：森林干扰是森林变化的主要因素之一,森林韧性反映了森林对干扰事件的适应能力,探究森林韧性的变动是提高森林韧性、保护森林生态系统、实现森林可持续发展的关键。研究利用1000多块样地的清查数据和Landsat 5/7/8遥感影像提取的连年植被指数,基于林分郁闭度的时间序列评估了2003-2022年间大兴安岭地区森林对干扰事件的韧性,进一步利用随机森林模型分析林分自身特征(平均高、平均胸径、郁闭度)、地形因子(海拔、坡度、坡向和坡位)和干扰事件特征(灾害类型和灾害等级)对森林韧性的影响。结果表明:(1)遥感影像的波段结合植被指数能较精确地估测林分郁闭度,十折交叉检验的R2高达0.88,基于林分郁闭度评估森林干扰与韧性的效果较好。(2)森林干扰引起郁闭度下降,仅不到一半的受干扰样地的郁闭度能在干扰结束后恢复。干扰程度和森林韧性随干扰类型不同而不同,火灾的干扰程度最高,虫害次之,而森林对火灾韧性最低,加强对大兴安岭地区火灾和虫害的防治是有必要的。整个地区受干旱干扰的样地最多,其韧性指标分布在1左右,森林对干旱的韧性居中。(3)干扰程度是森林韧性最重要的驱动因子,其次是海拔和林分郁闭度,其他地形因子如坡向、坡位和坡度的重要性较低。干扰程度越严重,森林韧性越低,干扰程度超过70%,森林韧性小于1,干扰结束后,林分郁闭度未能恢复到干扰前水平。森林韧性随着郁闭度的增加先增加后下降,也随着海拔升高有下降趋势。降低森林干扰的程度,特别是对高海拔的密林,是保护大兴安岭森林的有效措施。在干扰事件愈加频繁的背景下,关于大兴安岭森林韧性的研究结果对当地森林经营和保护具有重要意义。
Forest disturbance is a major driver of forest change.Forest resilience reflects the forest's the adaptability of forests to disturbance events.Exploring the variabilities in forest resilience is key to improving forest resilience,protecting forest ecosystems,and achieving sustainable forest development.This study evaluated the forest resilience to disturbance events in the Daxinganling region from 2003 to 2022 based on the time series of canopy density,using forest inventory data from more than 1000 sample plots,in combination with continuous annual vegetation indices extracted from remote sensing images of Landsat satellite 5/7/8.Then the random forest model was used to analyze the effects of stand characteristics(average height,average breast diameter,and canopy density),terrain factors(altitude,slope degree,aspect,and position),and disturbance event characteristics(disaster type and disaster level)on forest resilience.(1)The bands of remote sensing images combined with vegetation indices could estimate stand closure accurately,with the R2 of the ten-fold cross-test is as high as 0.88.It is feasible to evaluate the disturbance impact and resilience of forests based on canopy density.(2)Forest disturbance caused a decrease in crown density,and only less than half of the disturbed plots recovered after the disturbance.The impacts of disturbance and forest resilience varied with the disturbance types.Fires disturbance had the highest impact on forests,followed by pests,while forests had the lowest resilience to fires.It is necessary to enforce the prevention of fire and pest disturbances in the Daxinganling.The number of plots disturbed by drought was the highest among all disturbance types in the entire region,and the forest resilience to drought was in the middle with the resilience indexes of about 1.(3)The disturbance impact was the most important driver of forest resilience,followed by altitude and canopy density.Other topographic factors such as slope aspect,position,and degree were less important for forest resilience.Forest resilience decreased with increasing disturbance impacts.The forest resilience was less than 1 when the disturbance impact exceeded 70%,indicating that the forest canopy density failed to recover to the pre-disturbance level after the disturbances.There was an initial increase,followed by a precipitous decrease in forest resilience with the increase of canopy density.Forest resilience also decreased with increasing altitude.The results suggested that reducing the impact degree of forest disturbance,especially for high-canopy-density forests at high altitudes is an effective measure to protect the forests in Daxinganling.Our research results on forest resilience in Daxinganling are of great significance for local forest management and protection against the backdrop of increasingly frequent disturbance events.