文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：碱蓬修复黄河三角洲原油污染土壤试验研究

英文题名：Study on the Remediation of Soil Contaminated by Crude Oil Using Suaeda salsa in Yellow River Delta

作者：于一雷[1,2] 马牧源[1,2] 徐卫刚[1,2] 郭嘉[1,2] 李胜男[1,2]

第一作者：于一雷

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所;[2]湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室

年份：2018

卷号：27

期号：10

起止页码：1958-1965

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(CAFINT2014C13)

语种：中文

中文关键词：碱蓬;石油;黄河三角洲;土壤

外文关键词：Suaeda salsa;Yellow River Delta;crude oil;soil

分类号：X53

摘要：原油污染已经成为黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统退化的重要影响因素,开展植物修复关键技术的研究对于退化湿地生态治理和恢复具有重要意义。采用室外盆栽方式开展碱蓬(Suaedasalsa)修复原油污染试验,试验设计3个原油污染水平(2、4、6g?kg^(-1),分别对应低、中、高水平处理);以无碱蓬种植处理为对照,每个处理设置3个重复。以月为观测时间尺度,通过测定和分析碱蓬生理指标、根际土壤原油含量和微生物特征等,研究碱蓬对原油污染土壤的修复过程。结果如下:在3个石油污染浓度条件下,碱蓬均能萌发和生长,但是低污染水平处理的碱蓬株高、生物量及主根系长度明显高于其他处理。原油降解变化与碱蓬生长特征具有一致性,表现为碱蓬生长初期和后期降解效率较低,而快速生长期时降解效率高。低、中和高水平处理下碱蓬对原油的降解率分别为38.61%、47.54%和30.89%,其中对饱和烃的降解作用较大。碱蓬根际区为发生原油降解作用的主要区域,基于分子手段鉴定出根际附近的变形菌为丰度最高的优势降解菌群。通过一级衰减方程拟合降解曲线,得出碱蓬对3个污染水平原油的降解速率常数分别为0.19、0.12和0.11,表明碱蓬对低污染水平原油的降解效率高于其他处理。研究结果可为碱蓬修复原油污染土壤提供参考依据。
Crude oil pollution has become an important factor in the degradation of coastal wetland ecosystems in Yellow River Delta.Research on key technologies for phytoremediation is of great significance for the ecological management and restoration of degraded wetlands.The remediation experiment of crude oil pollution using Suaeda salsa(S.salsa)was carried out by the outdoor potting method,and the three crude oil pollution levels were designed,which were 2 g·kg^-1,4 g·kg^-1 and 6 g·kg^-1,respectively.The treatment without S.salsa was used as a control,and three replicates were set for each treatment.The observation was operated monthly by measuring and analyzing the physiological indexes,the crude oil content and the microbial characteristics of the rhizosphere soil.The main results were as follows:S.salsa could germinate and grow under the conditions of three crude oil pollution level,but the plant height,biomass and main root length of S.salsa at low level were significantly higher than other treatments.The degradation effect of S.salsa on crude oil was consistent with its growth characteristics,which showed that the degradation efficiency was low in the early and late growth stages,and high in the rapid growth period.The degradation rate of S.salsa to crude oil under low,medium and high level was 38.61%,47.54%and 30.89%,respectively,and especially for the saturated hydrocarbons.The rhizosphere region of S.salsa was the main region where crude oil degradation occurred.Based on molecular means,the proteobacteria near the rhizosphere was identified as the most abundant dominant degrading bacteria.The degradation curves were fitted by the first-order attenuation equation,and the degradation rate constants of the three crude oil pollution treatments were 0.19,0.12 and 0.11,respectively,indicating that the degradation efficiency of the crude oil was higher at low concentrations than other treatments.The study has shown that the remediation of crude oil contaminated soil by S.salsa is a feasible technical means.