文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：典型天气下植物叶面滞尘动态变化

英文题名：Dynamics of the captured quantity of particulate matter by plant leaves under typical weather conditions

作者：王会霞[1,2] 石辉[2] 王彦辉[1]

第一作者：王会霞

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所;[2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院

年份：2015

卷号：35

期号：6

起止页码：1696-1705

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家林业局公益性行业科研专项(201304301-05)

语种：中文

中文关键词：叶面润湿性;叶面微结构;滞尘效应;大气颗粒物;动态变化

外文关键词：leaf surface wettability; leaf surface micromorphology; dust capturing effect; particulate matter; dynamic variation

分类号：S157.1

摘要：在天气变化频繁的春季选择了几种典型天气观测了油松、女贞、珊瑚树和三叶草叶面滞尘动态变化及其与气象因子和空气中颗粒物浓度的关系。研究表明:(1)供试物种的叶面滞尘量(g/m2)由大到小依次为油松(4.57—5.45),珊瑚树(2.23—5.85),女贞(2.14—4.27)和三叶草(0.12—0.38);(2)油松和三叶草叶面滞尘量无明显变化,而天气状况对女贞和珊瑚树叶面滞尘影响明显;(3)连续2d(17.1、14.8 mm)的降雨后,女贞和珊瑚树叶面滞尘量降低了50%以上;极大风速对女贞和珊瑚树叶面滞尘量的影响均呈现先升高后降低,在极大风速为14 m/s时达到峰值;相对湿度大于80%时,女贞和珊瑚树叶面滞尘量明显降低;空气中高浓度的颗粒物可使女贞和珊瑚树叶面滞尘在4—5 d达到饱和。
The dynamics of particulate matter （PM） deposition and subsequently cleaning of the leaves during the season are probably greatly affected by weather conditions, such as precipitation, wind and extraneous dust storm. Such information is necessary for determining total PM deposition during a season or year. It may also be important in designing the surface of the ground under vegetation, which should be adapted to increase deposition and immobilization of pollutants and prevent further re-suspension. In a study carried out in spring under typical weather conditions （e.g., continuous sunny day, medium-rainfall, small rainfall, strong wind, extraneous dust storm）, the ability of four plant species including Pinus tabuliformis, LigustrumLucidum, Viburnum odoratissimum, and Trifolium repens to accumulate PM from ambient air in urban area was investigated. The effects of rainfall, relative humidity, maximum wind speed and PMI0（ particulate matter with all aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm） concentrations on PM deposition on foliage were also determined. The results showed that the amount of PM accumulated on leaves （g/m^2） differed considerably between plant species, and decreased in this order： P. tabuliformis （4.57-5.45） 〉 V. odoratissimum （2.23-5.85） 〉 L. lucidum （2. 14-4.27） 〉 T. repens （0. 12-0.38 ）. The amount of PM accumulated on leaves of P. tabuliformis and T. repens remained relatively constant in the whole spring. The species like P. tabuliformis can emit sticky materials and makes the particulate matters hard to be removed by precipitation and wind. While the leaves of T. repens has water repelleney characteristics and makes the particulate matters hard to be captured. Among the species analyzed, precipitation and wind removed a considerable proportion of PM accumulated on leaves of V. odoratissimum and L. lucidum. A decrease in the amount of PM accumulated on leaves was observed after two days of medium-rainfall （17.1, 14. 8 ram） for V. odoratissimum （62%） and L. lucidum （50%）, compared with the maximum values observed. Moreover, a decrease of about 30% in the amount of PM deposition was found after light rain and strong wind for L. lucidum. With the increase of the maximum wind speed, the PM retention amounts of L. lucidum and V. odoratissimum firstly increased and then decreased, and the peak value was reached at a maximum wind speed of 14 mils. The influence of relative humidity on leaf PM retention amount only occurred when its value over 80%, leading to a decrease in leaf PM retention amount. The saturation of PM storage capacity of leaves of L. lucidum and V. odoratissimum could occur in four to five days in a heavily polluted condition. These results showed that both, the dynamics of deposition and PM removal by rain and wind during the season need to be considered when evaluating the total and actual effect of vegetation in pollutant remediation.