文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：省沽油生物学特性研究

英文题名：Study on the Biological Characteristics of Staphylea bumalda DC.

作者：刘正祥[1] 张华新[1] 刘涛[1]

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室

年份：2007

卷号：20

期号：5

起止页码：705-709

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2004】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：意大利国际合作项目"中国森林特色资源研究与开发利用技术(2003-02)";国家林业局重点项目"优良木本油料树种省沽油;翅果油树高效培育技术及开发利用(2006-04)"部分内容

语种：中文

中文关键词：省沽油;形态特征;开花结实习性;物候期

外文关键词：Staphylea bumalda ; morphological characteristics ; flowering-fruiting habits ; phenological periods

分类号：S759.3

摘要：在野外观测研究了中心分布区4～5a省沽油的形态特征、开花结实习性以及物候期，结果表明：（1）在河南省桐柏县，5a省沽油树高162．5cm，主干枝条地径1．9cm，结果枝条45～50根·株^-1，花序468个·株^-1，座果率17％，风干种子产量0．4kg·株^-1·a^-1；（2）每株的主干枝条数、每根主干枝条结果枝条数、每根结果枝条花序数、每个花序的花朵数、鲜花序质量、蒴果座果率、蒴果质量以及每个蒴果内的种子数8个性状变异较大，可以作为选育优良无性系的重要观测性状；（3）安徽省石台县、湖北省大悟县和河南省桐柏县物候节律相对一致，没有明显差异，萌动期、现蕾期、展叶期、开花期和落叶期相对比较集中，持续20～30d，而蒴果成熟期和脱落期持续40～50d，蒴果生长期和休眠期长达95～110d。
The morphological characteristics, flowering-fruiting habits and phonological periods of 4 - 5-year-old Staphylea bumalda in distribution center were studied systematically by wild observation, the main results are as follows： （1）The mean height and ground diameter of trees at the age of 5 was 162.5 cm and 1.9 cm in Tongbai of He＇ nan respectively. There were 45 - 50 fruited branches in every cluster tree. After productive period, there were 468 inflorescences with a fruit percentage of 17%, and 0.4 kg of air-dried seeds was harvested from each tree. （2） 8 characters, that is, number of main branches per tree, number of fruited branches per main branch, number of inflorescences per fruited branch, number of flowers per inflorescence, mass of every fresh inflorescence, fruit rate of capsule, mass of every capsule and seed number of every capsule, had a bigger variation among trees and could be considered as important testing characters for the choice and breeding of super clones. （3） The phenologi- cal rhythms of trees in different sites of Shitai of Anhui, Dawu of Hubei and Tongbai of He＇ nan were consistent and no distinct difference. The periods of sprouting, budding, frondesce, blossom and defoliation were concentrative and lasting only for 20 - 30 days, while the periods of fructescence and abscission lasted for 40 - 50 days, and the periods of fruit growth and plant dormancy were about 95 - 110 days.