文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：Bt转基因杨树对杨树昆虫群落结构的影响

英文题名：Effects of Transgenic Poplars to the Structure of Insect Community

作者：张真[1] 王军辉[2] 张建国[2] 张守攻[2]

第一作者：张真

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所;[2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所

年份：2004

卷号：40

期号：2

起止页码：84-89

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2000】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (G19990 160 0 5 )

语种：中文

中文关键词：Bt转基因杨树;杨树昆虫;群落结构;非目标种;群落组成

外文关键词：Transgenic poplar, Bt, Non target species, Community structure

分类号：S792.11;S718.7

摘要：通过种植转基因杨树纯林和混交林 ,研究了Bt转基因杨树对杨树昆虫群落结构的影响。研究表明 1hm2的小面积的新疆转基因杨树和非转基因杨树之间群落结构和多样性差别不大 ;而对 6 7hm2 以上的转基因杨树纯林和 1∶1的转基因和非转基因杨树混交林中昆虫和蜘蛛群落结构的比较研究发现 ,Bt转基因杨树会改变其昆虫群落结构 ,在转基因纯林中杨叶蜂为优势种 ,而在混交林中杨扇舟蛾为优势种。为了避免其它非鳞翅目食叶害虫的危害 ,在转基因时应采用对非鳞翅目食叶害虫有抗性的种类或品系。转基因纯林的多样性和均匀性都较混交林高 ,有利于系统的稳定性 ,但转基因混交林中瓢虫的数量明显比转基因纯林高 ,分别为 0 2 1头·枝- 1 和 0 0 2 1头·枝 - 1 ,相差 1 0倍。蜘蛛的数量是纯林中较多 ,分别为 0 1 2 5头·枝 - 1 和 0 0 6 2 5头·枝 - 1 ,相差 1倍。转基因杨树对非目标昆虫和天敌的影响还需进行进一步详细的研究。转基因纯林和混交林的叶片被害率分别为 1 1 2 6 %和1 8 4 8% ,转基因纯林抑制目标食叶害虫的作用较好 ,但与混交林之间的差异不显著 ,两种林分的被害率都在不成灾的水平。
The effects of transgenic poplars to the structure of insect community was studied by the comparition of stands of transgenic and non_transgenic poplars.The study revealed that there was no much difference of insect and spider community between transgenic and non_transgenic poplar trees in an area of 1?hm\+2 while in 6 7?hm\+2 obvious difference of that was observed. Through the comparison of insect and spider community structures between pure transgenic poplar stand and 1∶1 mixed stand of transgenic and non_transgenic poplars, it was clear that Bt transgenic poplar could influence the insect community structure. In pure transgenic poplar stand, dominant species was Poplar Sawfly (Pristiphora benjingensis) while in mixed poplar stand was Poplar Prominent (Clostera anachoreta). To reduce the risky of being damaged by other non_lepidoptera defoliators resistant species to this kind of pest species should be used when Bt gene is transferred. The diversity and uniformity of pure transgenic poplar stand were higher than that of mixed transgenic poplars stand which leads to higher stability. However the density of Lady Beetles was 10 times higher in mixed transgenic poplar stand than that in pure transgenic poplar stand, averagely 0 21 per twig and 0 021 per twig respectively while the density of spiders in pure transgenic poplar stand was higher than that in mixed transgenic poplar stand, averagely 0 125 per twig and 0 062 5 per twig respectively. Further study was needed in the effect of transgenic poplars to the non_target insects and natural enemies. The damage rate of pure transgenic poplar stand and mixed transgenic poplar stand were 11 26% and 18 48% respectively, the former was better but no significant difference.